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Table 1 Summary of included articles
| Author | Study type | Country | Statistical analysis | Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ananthakrishnan, McGinley, & Binion 2008 | Retrospective case control | US | Multivariate regression | Three times the length of stay (CDI+IBD) vs. controls (IBD) IBD=irritable bowel disease |
| Bajaj et al. 2010 | Retrospective case control | US | Multivariate regression | 12.7-day case vs. 6.7-day control |
| Dubberke, Butler et al. 2008 | Retrospective cohort | US | Multivariate regression, matched-pairs analysis | 9.6-day cases vs. 5.8-day controls |
| Dubberke & Wertheimer 2009 | Review | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| Ghantoji et al. 2010 | Review | Not applicable | Not applicable | Not applicable |
| Kenneally et al. 2007 | Retrospective cohort | US | Multiple logistic regression | 27.3 (CDI) vs. 22.8 (non CDI) |
| Lawrence et al. 2007 | Retrospective cohort | US | Multiple logistic regression | CDI stay twice as much non-CDI in ICU |
| Lumpkins et al. 2008 | Prospective cohort | US | Multiple logistic regression | 34.9day LOS with CDI vs. 19 LOS without CDI |
| Miller et al. 2002 | Retrospective cohort | Canada | Not discussed | 9% of 269 patients with CDI deemed to have extension of LOS due to CDI |
| Nguyen, Kaplan, Harris, & Brant 2008 | Retrospective cohort | US | Multiple linear regression | 65% increase in LOS in patients with CDI & Crohns disease 46% increase in LOS in patients with CDI & ulcerative colitis |
| OBrien, Lahue, Caro, & Davidson 2007 | Retrospective cohort | US | Descriptive | 6.4-day LOS in patients with primary CDI diagnosis |
| Pepin, Valiquette, & Cossette 2005 | Retrospective case control | Canada | Not discussed | 10.7-day additional LOS in patient with CDI |
| Song et al. 2008 | Retrospective match cohort | US | Logistic regression Wilcoxon Linear regression | 1-day LOS increase (with CDI) |
| 4-day LOS increase (CDI) when compared to matched diagnosis related group DRG | ||||
| Vonberg et al. 2008 | Prospective match cohort | Germany | Wilcoxon Kolmogorov-Smirnov test | 27-day LOS cases vs. 20-day LOS controls |
| Zerey et al. 2007 | Retrospective cohort | US | Multiple logistic regression | 16-day-longer LOS (with CDI) |
| Zilberberg et al. 2009 | Retrospective cohort | US | Propensity score Multivariate analysis | 6.1-day longer LOS (with CDI) |
