Table 1 Differences in HAI definitions (CDC/NHSN vs. HELICS/IPSE)
From: Concordance between European and US case definitions of healthcare-associated infections
Type of HAI or key term | CDC/NHSN definitions | HELICS/IPSE definitions |
|---|---|---|
Bloodstream infection (BSI) / Laboratory-confirmed bloodstream Infection (LCBI) | ·LCBI (Positive blood culture with recognized pathogen or 2 blood cultures with skin contaminant incl. clinical symptoms. Organism cultured from blood is not related to an infection at another site) | ·BSI-A |
(Positive blood culture with recognized pathogen or 2 blood culture with skin contaminant incl. clinical symptoms. Origin: “Catheter” (C), “Secondary to another site” (S) or “Unknown” (U)) | ||
·CSEP (Clinical sepsis in patients ≤ 1 year) | ||
Catheter-related infection (CRI) | -* | ·CRI 1 (Local central venous catheter (CVC)-related infection) |
·CRI 2 (General CVC-related infection) | ||
· CRI 3 (CVC-related BSI) | ||
· CCO (Catheter colonisation) | ||
Pneumonia (PNU/PN) | · PNU1 (Clinically defined pneumonia) | · PN 1 (Protected sample + quantitative culture) |
· PNU2 (Pneumonia with specific laboratory findings) | · PN 2 (Non-protected sample + quantitative culture) | |
· PNU3 (Pneumonia in immunocompromised patients) | · PN 3 (Alternative microbiological criteria) | |
· PN 4 (Sputum bacteriology or non-quantitative endotracheal aspirate (ETA)) | ||
· PN 5 (No microbiological criterion (only clinical criteria)) | ||
Urinary tract infection (UTI) | · SUTI (Symptomatic UTI) †/‡ | · UTI-A (Symptomatic, microbiologically confirmed) |
· ASB (Asymptomatic bacteriuria) † / | ||
·ABUTI (Asymptomatic bacteremic UTI) ‡ | · UTI-B (Symptomatic , not microbiologically confirmed) | |
· OUTI (Other infections of the urinary tract) †/‡ | · UTI-C (Asymptomatic bacteriuria) | |
ICU-acquired HAI | · No evidence that the infection was present or incubating at the time of admission to the ICU | · Infection occurred later than 48 hours after admission in the ICU |
Ventilator-associated | · A device to assist or control respiration continuously through a tracheostomy or by endotracheal intubation was present within the 48-hour period before the onset of infection, inclusive of the weaning period | · An invasive respiratory device was present (even intermittently) in the 48 hours preceding the onset of infection |