Table 4 Antimicrobial use and cost during baseline and intervention periods of an antimicrobial stewardship program
Variable | DDD per 100 Admissions | DDD per 1000 Patient-days | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | Intervention | P a | Baseline | Intervention | P a | |
By category | ||||||
Antibacterials | 401.8 | 318.9 | .009 | 1028 | 878.7 | .011 |
Antifungals | 23.1 | 13.2 | .035 | 59.1 | 36.5 | .047 |
Antivirals | 7.5 | 5.2 | .375 | 21.3 | 14.2 | .257 |
All agents | 432.4 | 337.3 | .006 | 1109 | 929.4 | .013 |
By selected class | ||||||
Antipseudomonal carbapenemsb | 13.8 | 4.4 | .047 | 35.0 | 12.4 | .047 |
Cephalosporins | 42.2 | 49.2 | .188 | 108.7 | 135.7 | .030 |
Echinocandins | 4.7 | 3.2 | .975 | 11.3 | 8.7 | .924 |
Fluoroquinolones | 123.1 | 100.8 | .011 | 314.2 | 279.2 | .071 |
By selected agent | ||||||
Ampicillin-sulbactam | 17.6 | 16.1 | .830 | 46.8 | 43.9 | .878 |
Cefazolin | 20.8 | 26.9 | .013 | 53.7 | 74.9 | .004 |
Ceftriaxone | 13.2 | 14.5 | .603 | 34.3 | 39.8 | .312 |
Cefepime | 0.5 | 1.9 | .217 | 1.3 | 5.0 | .171 |
Clindamycin | 22.5 | 12.7 | .004 | 57.4 | 34.8 | .009 |
Daptomycin | 2.0 | 0.7 | .913 | 5.1 | 2.1 | .855 |
Ertapenem | 14.2 | 12.4 | .878 | 35.6 | 34.0 | .830 |
Fluconazole | 17.6 | 9.8 | .105 | 46.1 | 27.2 | .284 |
Levofloxacin | 122.0 | 97.1 | .006 | 311.2 | 269.2 | .030 |
Linezolid | 4.5 | 0.5 | .017 | 11.3 | 1.6 | .020 |
Metronidazole | 21.7 | 16.9 | .105 | 55.5 | 46.1 | .257 |
Nafcillin | 3.0 | 0.3 | .370 | 7.3 | 0.9 | .370 |
Piperacillin-tazobactam | 32.0 | 30.8 | .783 | 80.7 | 84.7 | .736 |
Tigecycline | 0.2 | 0.2 | .702 | 0.5 | 0.4 | .702 |
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | 25.6 | 3.9 | .016 | 65.0 | 10.8 | .017 |
Vancomycin | 44.8 | 42.7 | .783 | 115.2 | 116.2 | .976 |
US$ per Admission | US$ per Patient-day | |||||
Baseline | Intervention | P a | Baseline | Intervention | P a | |
By category | ||||||
Antibacterials | 79.8 | 54.7 | .025 | 20.2 | 15.1 | .040 |
All agents | 87.0 | 59.4 | .013 | 22.0 | 16.4 | .022 |