|
Variable
|
DDD per 100 Admissions
|
DDD per 1000 Patient-days
|
|---|
| |
Baseline
|
Intervention
|
P
a
|
Baseline
|
Intervention
|
P
a
|
|---|
|
By category
| | | | | | |
|
Antibacterials
|
401.8
|
318.9
|
.009
|
1028
|
878.7
|
.011
|
|
Antifungals
|
23.1
|
13.2
|
.035
|
59.1
|
36.5
|
.047
|
|
Antivirals
|
7.5
|
5.2
|
.375
|
21.3
|
14.2
|
.257
|
|
All agents
|
432.4
|
337.3
|
.006
|
1109
|
929.4
|
.013
|
|
By selected class
| | | | | | |
|
Antipseudomonal carbapenemsb
|
13.8
|
4.4
|
.047
|
35.0
|
12.4
|
.047
|
|
Cephalosporins
|
42.2
|
49.2
|
.188
|
108.7
|
135.7
|
.030
|
|
Echinocandins
|
4.7
|
3.2
|
.975
|
11.3
|
8.7
|
.924
|
|
Fluoroquinolones
|
123.1
|
100.8
|
.011
|
314.2
|
279.2
|
.071
|
|
By selected agent
| | | | | | |
|
Ampicillin-sulbactam
|
17.6
|
16.1
|
.830
|
46.8
|
43.9
|
.878
|
|
Cefazolin
|
20.8
|
26.9
|
.013
|
53.7
|
74.9
|
.004
|
|
Ceftriaxone
|
13.2
|
14.5
|
.603
|
34.3
|
39.8
|
.312
|
|
Cefepime
|
0.5
|
1.9
|
.217
|
1.3
|
5.0
|
.171
|
|
Clindamycin
|
22.5
|
12.7
|
.004
|
57.4
|
34.8
|
.009
|
|
Daptomycin
|
2.0
|
0.7
|
.913
|
5.1
|
2.1
|
.855
|
|
Ertapenem
|
14.2
|
12.4
|
.878
|
35.6
|
34.0
|
.830
|
|
Fluconazole
|
17.6
|
9.8
|
.105
|
46.1
|
27.2
|
.284
|
|
Levofloxacin
|
122.0
|
97.1
|
.006
|
311.2
|
269.2
|
.030
|
|
Linezolid
|
4.5
|
0.5
|
.017
|
11.3
|
1.6
|
.020
|
|
Metronidazole
|
21.7
|
16.9
|
.105
|
55.5
|
46.1
|
.257
|
|
Nafcillin
|
3.0
|
0.3
|
.370
|
7.3
|
0.9
|
.370
|
|
Piperacillin-tazobactam
|
32.0
|
30.8
|
.783
|
80.7
|
84.7
|
.736
|
|
Tigecycline
|
0.2
|
0.2
|
.702
|
0.5
|
0.4
|
.702
|
|
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
|
25.6
|
3.9
|
.016
|
65.0
|
10.8
|
.017
|
|
Vancomycin
|
44.8
|
42.7
|
.783
|
115.2
|
116.2
|
.976
|
| |
US$ per Admission
|
US$ per Patient-day
|
| |
Baseline
|
Intervention
|
P
a
|
Baseline
|
Intervention
|
P
a
|
|
By category
| | | | | | |
|
Antibacterials
|
79.8
|
54.7
|
.025
|
20.2
|
15.1
|
.040
|
|
All agents
|
87.0
|
59.4
|
.013
|
22.0
|
16.4
|
.022
|
- NOTE:
- Data are means of monthly medical-surgical service antimicrobial use and cost.
- a - The Mann–Whitney U test.
- b - Imipenem and meropenem (doripenem was not used). A formulary change (and auto-substitution policy) from meropenem to imipenem was implemented during the intervention period.
- Abbreviations: DDD, defined daily doses (World Health Organization Center for Drug Statistics Methodology).
