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Table 1 Patient characteristics according to the presence of healthcare-associated urinary tract infection (UTI) (n = 8169), Swiss-NOSO Nationwide Prevalence Study, 2004

From: High proportion of healthcare-associated urinary tract infection in the absence of prior exposure to urinary catheter: a cross-sectional study

 

UTI

No UTI

P value

 

(n = 126)

(n = 8043)

 

Urinary catheter exposure (%)

  

<0.001

 Yes

73 (57.9)

1912 (23.8)

 

 No

53 (42.1)

6131 (76.2)

 

Gender, female (%)

85 (67.5)

4228 (52.6)

0.001

Mean age (±SD)

71.8 (15.6)

62.4 (19.0)

<0.001

Age groups (%)

  

<0.001

 <40 years

7 (5.7)

1395 (17.9)

 

 41-70 years

37 (30.3)

3208 (41.2)

 

 > = 71 years

78 (63.9)

3184 (40.9)

 

Hospital size

  

0.09

 <200 acute care beds

23 (18.3)

1994 (24.8)

 

 200-500 beds

40 (31.8)

2748 (34.2)

 

 > = 501 beds

63 (50.0)

3301 (41.0)

 

Mean length of stay (±SD)

20.5(22.2)

11.4 (41.0)

<0.001*

Length of stay

  

<0.001

 <20 days

89 (70.6)

6990 (86.9)

 

 21-40 days

22 (17.5)

677 (8.4)

 

 > = 41 days

15 (11.9)

374 (4.7)

 

Recent stay in intensive care (%)

34 (27.0)

1030 (12.8)

<0.001

Hospitalisation ward (%)

  

0.003*

 Medical ward

45 (35.7)

3192 (39.7)

 

 Surgical ward

50 (39.7)

3219 (40.0)

 

 Gynaecology/obstetrics

5 (4.0)

778 (9.7)

 

 Intensive care unit

7 (5.6)

285 (3.5)

 

 Medico-surgical

19 (15.1)

569 (7.1)

 

Recent surgery (%)

61 (48.4)

3292 (40.9)

0.09

Mean ASA score (±SD)

2.81 (0.67)

2.33 (0.89)

<0.001*

ASA (%)

  

<0.001*

 1 pt

4 (3.2)

1587 (19.8)

 

 2-3 pts

109 (87.2)

5802 (72.3)

 

 4-5 pts

12 (9.6)

634 (7.9)

 

McCabe/Jackson (%)

  

0.01*

 Non fatal

82 (65.1)

6143 (76.4)

 

 Fatal within 5 years

36 (28.6)

1455 (18.1)

 

 Fatal within 6 months

8 (6.4)

445 (5.5)

 

Mean nursing workload (±SD)

204.0 (161.4)

168.3 (162.8)

0.008*

Mean Charlson index (±SD)

1.8 (2.1)

1.2 (1.8)

<0.001*

Charlson group (%)

  

0.02

 0-3 pts

106 (84.1)

7267 (90.4)

 

 > = 4 pts

20 (15.9)

776 (9.7)

 

Co-morbidities (%)

   

 Diabetes mellitus

19 (15.1)

1074 (13.4)

0.57

 Immune suppression°

26 (20.6)

1047 (13.0)

0.01

 Hemiplegia

24 (19.1)

777 (9.7)

<0.001

 Dementia

9 (7.1)

290 (3.6)

0.04

  1. ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; (%) = proportion of all surveyed patients according to number of the variable of interest among the study population; SD = standard deviation; °autoimmune disease, transplantation, hepatopathy, nephropathy, neoplasia.