Table 3 CLABSI prevention: clinical practices during insertion and maintenance by income category, as reported by ICU doctors and nurses in 2015

  Hand hygiene before central line insertion

97

0.7

98

0.3

  Using mask, cap, sterile gloves and sterile gown

93

1.0

96

0.5

  Using chlorhexidine >0.5% in alcohol for skin preparation

58

2.1

85

0.9

  Using sterile drapes to cover patient from head to toes

51

2.1

82

0.9

  Using antimicrobial ointment at insertion site (NR***)

14

1.4

9

0.9

  Administering systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis for CLABSI prevention (NR***)

24

1.8

8

0.7

 Four recommended practices and none of not recommended

23

1.7

62

1.4

  Ultrasound guidance was used last time central line was inserted in the internal jugular vein (%yes)

50

2.1

79

1.1

   In my ICU, the femoral vein is used always, or most of the time (NR***)

15

1.3

11

0.9

  Disinfected central line hubs when accessing ports

84

1.5

82

1.0

  Disinfected my hands before

87

1.4

88

0.9

  Used gloves

59

2.1

84

1.4

  Dry Dressing (sterile gauze)

  every 2 days

20

1.7

15

1.0

  more often (NR***)

31

1.9

24

1.2

  less often (NR***)

34

2.0

29

1.1

  Don’t know

15

1.5

32

1.4

  every 5-7 days

22

1.7

41

1.5

  more often (NR***)

70

1.9

40

1.2

  less often (NR***)

2

0.5

2

0.4

  Don’t know

6

0.9

17

1.1

  In my ICU, patients with a central line are assessed daily for the need or removal of it (explicitly: with a note in clinical file, or a tick on a check list)

60

2.0

73

1.2