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Table 3 Univariate analysis of risk factors for CRKp BSI

From: Clinical and molecular characteristics, risk factors and outcomes of Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections in the intensive care unit

Variable

CSKp (n = 17)

CRKp (n = 31)

Univariate analysis

Adjusted OR

95% CI

P-value

Sex (male, n)

11(65%)

27(87%)

0.611

0.144—2.596

0.502

Age (y) (mean ± SD)

62.71 ± 16.34

57.61 ± 14.78

  

0.306

Co- morbidities

 Diabetes mellitus

5 (29%)

9 (29%)

0.982

0.268—3.602

0.978

 Hypertension

9 (53%)

15 (48%)

0.833

0.255—2.724

0.763

 Coronary heart disease

1 (6%)

3 (10%)

1.714

0.164—17.886

1

 Chronic liver disease

3(18%)

6(19%)

1.120

0.242–5.186

1

 Chronic renal failure

2 (12%)

4 (13%)

1.111

0.182—6.796

0.909

 Solid organ tumor

4 (24%)

7 (23%)

0.948

0.233—3.850

0.940

 HIV

0

0

NA

NA

NA

 Surgery in the past medical historya

3 (18%)

5 (16%)

0.897

0.186—4.322

0.893

 Prior healthcare-associated exposure

7 (41%)

9 (29%)

0.584

0.169—2.017

0.393

Prior medicine exposure

 Glucocorticoid

7 (41%)

13 (42%)

1.032

0.311—3.428

0.959

 Immunosuppressorb

1 (6%)

2 (6%)

1.103

0.093—13.135

1

Prior use of antimicrobials

 Penicillin

3 (18%)

10 (32%)

2.105

0.480—9.237

0.318

 Second cephalosporin

1 (6%)

4 (13%)

2.240

0.228—22.051

0.838

 extended-spectrum cephalosporins

7 (41%)

15 (48%)

1.224

0.351—4.269

0.750

 Aminoglycosides

1 (6%)

3 (10%)

1.615

0.153—17.016

1

 Quinolones

1 (6%)

3 (10%)

1.615

0.153—17.016

1

 Tigecycline

0

4 (13%)

0.625

0.492—0.795

0.613

 Imipenem

1 (6%)

11(39%)

8.556

0.984—74.408

0.064

 Meropenem

1 (6%)

12 (39%)

9.882

1.141—85.619

0.068

Ertapenem

0

0

NA

NA

NA

 Linezolid

1 (6%)

12 (39%)

9.882

1.141—85.619

0.068

 Glycopeptides Vancomycin

1 (6%)

8 (26%)

5.333

0.599—47.468

0.216

 Teicoplanin

1 (6%)

5 (16%)

2.917

0.309—27.560

0.333

Invasive procedure before

 Central venous catheterization

10(59%)

30 (97%)

21.000

2.294—192.225

0.003

 Trachea cannula

4(24%)

10 (32%)

1.548

0.401—5.971

0.525

 Tracheotomy

5(29%)

12 (39%)

1.516

0.426—5.393

0.519

 Urinary catheter

7(41%)

23 (74%)

4.107

1.168—14.436

0.024

 stomach tube

14(82%)

27 (87%)

1.446

0.283—7.384

0.656

 Intrathoracic drain

0(0)

4 (13%)

0.614

0.485—0.776

0.282

 Abdominal cavity drainage-tube

5(29%)

15 (48%)

2.250

0.639—7.923

0.202

 External ventricular drainage tube care

0(0)

1 (3%)

0.612

0.490—0.765

1

 Liver function on admission

5(35%)

3 (10%)

0.257

0.053—1.252

0.079

 Renal function on admission

7(41%)

4(13%)

0.275

0.071—1.070

0.055

 APACHE II score on admission

12.29 ± 7.32

9.45 ± 4.60

  

0.334

  1. Abbreviations: CSKp carbapenem-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae, CRKp carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, HIV human immunodeficiency virus, APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation
  2. aHistory of surgery and non-invasive procedures, such as endoscopy or colonoscopy, are excluded from this category
  3. bImmunosuppressors: Immunosuppressive drugs, immunosuppressive agents or antirejection medications are drugs that inhibit or prevent activity of the immune system, including cytostatics, antibodies, drugs acting on immunophilins, etc. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunosuppressive_drug)
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Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control

ISSN: 2047-2994

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