Alcohol-based hand rub and incidence of healthcare associated infections in a rural regional referral and teaching hospital in Uganda (‘WardGel’ study)

Table 3 Patient characteristics associated with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and healthcare associated infections (HAIs)

	Hazard ratio (HR) of SIRS/HAI (95% CI, p value)	Adjusted HR (95% CI, p value)
	Hazard ratio (HR) of SIRS/HAI (95% CI, p value)	Pediatrics or Surgery (n = 1740)	OBGYN (n = 1595)
Alcohol based hand gel provision and hand hygiene promotion (intervention)	1.10 (0.83-1.48, 0.50)	0.26 (0.15-0.45, <0.01)	3.10 (1.98-4.84, <0.01)
Adult	1.64 (1.22-2.20, <0.01)		^a
Female	2.11 (1.49-3.00, <0.01)	1.43 (0.93-2.20, 0.11)	^a
Age among adult patients, y	0.99 (0.98-1.01, 0.24)
Age among pediatric patients, y	1.02 (0.97-1.06, 0.47)
Pediatrics/Surgery (vs. OBGYN)	0.40 (0.30-0.54, <0.01)	^a	^a
Living in rural region	1.01 (0.70–1.46, 0.94)
Education – none (adult patients only)	0.93 (0.63-1.35, 0.69)
Surgery performed prior to SIRS/HAI	1.80 (1.34-2.41, <0.01)	0.57 (0.31-1.04, 0.07)	1.42 (0.75-3.00, 0.28)
Antibiotic used prior to SIRS/HAI	1.85 (1.05–3.25, 0.03)		4.99 (1.47-16.98, 0.01)
Urinary catheter used prior to SIRS/HAI	2.63 (1.96-3.53, <0.01)
Mechanical ventilation used prior to SIRS/HAI	1.59 (1.09-2.34, 0.02)		1.53 (0.97-2.42, 0.07)