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Table 2 Socio-demographic characteristics of study participants in Ambo Hospital, Ambo and Awaro health centers (n = 300)

From: Urinary pathogenic bacterial profile, antibiogram of isolates and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Ambo town, Central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Socio-demographic variables

Bacterial Culture (%)

Total

X2

p-value

Positive = 56 (18.7)

Negative = 244 (81.3)

Age in years

 15–24

27 (18)

126 (82)

153

1.359

0.51

 25–34

25 (19)

109 (81)

134

  

 35–44

4 (31)

9 (69)

13

  

Gestation stage

 Second trimester

23 (16)

120 (84)

143

1.201

0.27

 Third trimester

33 (21)

124 (79)

157

  

Pregnancy Category

Primiparous

25 (18)

113 (82)

138

0.051

0.82

 Multiparous

31 (19)

131 (81)

162

  

Employment

 Employed

17 (17)

86 (83)

103

0.483

0.49

 Unemployed

39 (20)

158 (80)

197

  

Residency

 Urban

37 (17)

187 (83)

224

5.096

0.08

 Rural

10 (20)

40 (80)

50

  

Periurban

9 (35)

17 (65)

26

  

Education

 Illiterate

10 (20)

41 (80)

51

0.170

0.98

 Primary school

20 (19)

85 (81)

105

  

 Secondary school

13 (19)

55 (81)

68

  

 University

13 (17)

63 (83)

76

  

Income/month

<500

32 (19)

85 (81)

117

14.079

0.007

 501–1000

18 (25)

77 (75)

95

  

 1001–1500

3 (8)

36 (92)

39

  

 1501–2000

1 (9)

22 (91)

23

  

>2001

2 (15)

24 (85)

26

  

Eat raw meat

 Yes

28 (24)

87 (76)

115

3.965

0.046

 No

28 (15)

157 (85)

185

  

Drink raw milk

 Yes

14 (18)

63 (82)

77

0.016

0.90

 No

42 (19)

181 (81)

223

  

Eat raw vegetable

 Yes

19 (24)

61 (76)

80

1.857

0.17

 No

37 (17)

183 (83)

220

  

Water source

 Others

2 (9)

20 (91)

22

3.418

0.18

 Spring water

6 (32)

13 (68)

19

  

 Tap water

48 (19)

211(81)

259

  

UTI history

 Yes

18 (27)

48 (73)

66

4.128

0.04

 No

38 (16)

196 (84)

234

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