Table 2 Proportion estimates of ESBLs in different regions of Pakistan

 Anwar et al., 2007 [12]

 Hafeez et al., 2009 [6]

 Amin et al., 2009 [15]

 Riaz et al., 2011 [8]

 Ejaz et al., 2011 [11]

 Riaz et al., 2012 [22]

 Mehmod et al., 2012 [58]

 Ejaz et al., 2013 [9]

 Qureshi et al., 2013 [13]

 Hanan et al., 2013 [44]

 Sabir et al., 2014 [84]

 Sohail et al., 2015 [86]

 Riaz et al., 2015 [7]

 Anwar et al., 2016 [89]

 Sub-total Random pooled ES

 Shah et al., 2002 [76]

 Shah et al., 2003 [77]

 Ali et al., 2004 [47]

 Mirza et al., 2006 [101]

 Mumtaz et al., 2007 [78]

 Ullah et al., 2009 [20]

 Khan et al., 2010 [79]

 Hussain et al., 2011 [45]

 Roshan et al., 2011 [80]

 Habeeb et al., 2013 [82]

 Hassan et al., 2011 [81]

 Begum et al., 2013 [48]

 Day et al., 2013 [69]

 Shafiq et al., 201 [18]

 Amin et al., 2013 [10]

 Khalid et al., 2013 [83]

 Habeeb et al., 2013 [82]

 Saboor et al., 2014 [84]

 Akram et al., 2014 [5]

 Khan et al., 2015 [14]

 Ahmed et al., 2016 [59]

 Ali et al., 2016 [47]

 Jamil et al., 2016 [88]

 Sub-total Random pooled ES

 Ullah et al., 2009 [49]

 Mumtaz et al., 2010 [90]

 Ullah et al., 2010 [100]

 Bari et al., 2013 [21]

 Ilyas et al., 2014 [19]

 Iqbal et al., 2014 [91]

 Bari et al., 2014 [21]

 Rahman et al., 2016 [50]

 Ahmed et al., 2016 [59]

 Sub-totaRandom pooled ES

 Jabeen et l., 2003 [92]

 Jabeen et l., 2005 [93]

 Ahmed et al., 2009 [94]

 Khan et al., 2010 [96]

 Jabeen et l., 2010 [95]

 Khan et al., 2010 [96]

 Afridi et al., 2011 [97]

 Hassan et al., 2011 [98]

 Afridi et al., 2012 [99]

 Sub-total Random pooled ES

Overall Random pooled ES