Fig. 5

The pathological confirmation of aspergillus invasion from the specimen extracted during the surgery from Case 2. a (Within the anastomosis of external iliac artery and the renal transplant artery) Multiple fungi contained in the specimen, with the form partially like Aspergillus and partially like Cryptococcus. b (Tissue resection specimens from the transplanted kidney and renal hilus) The chronic inflammation overlapping with acute inflammation and exudation were shown around the renal artery. A small amount of fungal mycelium and spores was shown in the exudate. Compared with the previous biopsy, morphology was consistent with Aspergillus. Acute inflammatory cell infiltration in the renal artery wall was observed, showing myxoid degeneration and significant proliferation of smooth muscle cells. A small amount of lymphocyte infiltration was presented within the renal interstitium. There is no significant degeneration within renal interstitium. Urinary tract epithelial mucosal chronic inflammation was observed in ureter and renal pelvic