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Table 2 Indication and specification for contact precautions (CP) and isolationa

From: Variability in contact precautions to control the nosocomial spread of multi-drug resistant organisms in the endemic setting: a multinational cross-sectional survey

Ā 

MRSA

ā€ƒā€ƒā€ƒā€ƒGRE

ā€ƒā€ƒā€ƒā€ƒā€‰ā€‰E. coli ESBL

ā€ƒā€ƒā€ƒā€ƒNon-E. coli ESBL

Ā 
Ā 

EU

Non EU

p-valueb

EU

Non EU

p-valueb

EU

Non EU

p-valueb

EU

Non EU

p-valueb

No CP

12.7

24.5

0.165

30.0

32.7

0.396

32.7

34.7

0.636

23.3

34.7

0.044

CP only if infected

16.7

10.2

54.7

44.9

14.7

10.2

17.3

6.1

CP if colonised and/or infected

68.0

65.3

15.3

22.4

44.7

40.8

50.7

40.8

Unknown

42.7

0

0

0

5.3

10.2

6.0

14.3

ESBL not determined

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

2.7

4.1

2.7

33.3

Total no. responses (%)

150 (75.4)

49 (24.6)

131 (74.9)

44 (24.1)

150 (75.4)

47 (24.6)

150 (75.4)

49 (24.6)

Gowns and gloves whenever entering the room

57.3

62.9

0.398

59.0

56.7

0.623

44.9

59.1

0.234

47.3

71.4

0.046

Gowns and gloves if direct contact is anticipated

37.9

37.1

37.1

43.3

55.1

40.9

52.7

28.6

Other procedures (e.g. standard precautions only)

4.8

0.0

3.8

0.0

0

0

0

0

Total no. responses (%)

124 (78.0)

35 (22.0)

105 (77.8)

30 (22.2)

89 (80.2)

22 (19.8)

93 (81.6)

21 (18.4)

Single room

62.5

63.8

Ā 

59.4

56.3

0.703

31.4

31.3

0.960

36.4

27.1

0.494

Cohorting

17.4

10.6

Ā 

16.1

16.7

19.3

18.

20.7

18.8

Spatial separationc

10.4

6.4

0.235

9.8

6.3

13.6

16.7

13.6

20.8

No specific measures

9.7

19.1

Ā 

14.7

20.8

35.7

33.3

29.3

33.3

Total no. responses (%)

144 (75.4)

47 (24.6)

Ā 

143 (74.9)

48 (25.1)

140 (74.5)

48 (25.5)

140 (74.5)

48 (25.5)

Ā 

Carbapenem resistant E. coli

Carbapenem resistant non-E. coli

MDR P. aeruginosa

MDR A. baumannii

Ā 

EU

Non EU

p-valueb

EU

Non EU

p-valueb

EU

Non EU

p-valueb

EU

Non EU

p-valueb

No CP

11.3

16.3

0.745

8.2

18.4

0.246

13.3

20.4

0.597

9.3

20.4

0.171

CP only if infected

14.0

10.2

13.6

10.2

17.3

14.3

17.3

20.4

CP if colonised and/or infected

65.3

63.3

72.1

65.3

60.0

59.2

62.7

51.0

Unknown

9.3

10.2

6.1

6.1

9.3

6.1

10.7

8.2)

Total no. responses (%)

150 (75.4)

49 (24.6)

147 (75.0)

49 (25.0)

150 (75.4)

49 (24.6)

150 (75.4)

49 (24.6)

Gowns and gloves whenever entering the room

61.3

68.8

0.440

63.5

60.6

0.763

56.3

64.7

0.389

58.7

61.3

0.797

Gowns and gloves if direct contact is anticipated

38.7

31.3

36.5

39.4

43.7

35.3

41.3

38.7

Total no. responses (%)

111 (77.6)

32 (22.4)

115 (77.7)

33 (22.3)

103 (75.2)

34 (24.8)

109 (77.9)

31 (22.1)

Single room

64.1

41.7

0.029

71.6

47.9

0.026

56.7

43.8

0.156

61.6

45.8

0.067

Cohorting

13.4)

14.6

12.1

18.8

18.7

14.6

18.1

14.6

Spatial separationc

9.9

20.8

7.1

14.6

12.7

18.8

8.7

18.8

No specific measures

12.7

22.9

9.2

18.8

11.9

22.9

11.6

20.8

Total no. responses (%)

142 (74.7)

48 (25.3)

141 (74.6)

48 (25.4)

134 (73.6)

48 (26.4)

138 (74.2)

48 (25.8)

  1. aValues are percentages (related to the corresponding total respondents) unless indicated otherwise
  2. bA two-sided p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant
  3. cShared room with MDRO-negative patients but with optical barrier (e.g. red margin on the floor) or separated by screen/curtains