Table 4 Comparison of subjects with and without colistin-resistant E. coli or K. pneumoniae colonization after study enrollment among subjects without colonization with colistin-resistant E. coli or K. pneumoniae at study enrollment
Variables | Colonization after enrollment (n = 42) | No Colonization after enrollment (n = 73) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Female gender (yrs), n (%) | 20 (47.6%) | 37 (50.7%) | 0.75 |
Age (yrs), mean ± SD | 66.6 ± 15.6 | 68.5 ± 15.1 | 0.54 |
ICU admission, n (%) | 15 (35.7%) | 24 (32.9%) | 0.76 |
Previous hospitalization, n (%) | 21 (50.0%) | 37 (50.7%) | 0.94 |
APACHE II score at study enrollment, mean ± SD | 21.8 ± 7.2 | 21.9 ± 7.6 | 0.92 |
Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 39 (92.9%) | 58 (79.5%) | 0.06 |
Indwelling central venous catheter, n (%) | 28 (66.7%) | 40 (54.8%) | 0.21 |
Surgery, n (%) | 26 (61.9%) | 39 (53.4%) | 0.38 |
Chronic intermittent hemodialysis, n (%) | 4 (9.5%) | 10 (13.7%) | 0.51 |
Antibiotic use for current hospitalization prior to study enrollment and during study period, n (%) | |||
 Carbapenems | 35 (83.3%) | 66 (90.4%) | 0.26 |
 Cephalosporins | 20 (47.6%) | 31 (42.5%) | 0.59 |
 Beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors | 33 (78.6%) | 52 (71.2%) | 0.39 |
 Fluoroquinolones | 25 (59.5%) | 33 (45.2%) | 0.14 |
 Vancomycin | 23 (54.8%) | 38 (52.1%) | 0.78 |
 Aminoglycosides | 5 (11.9%) | 2 (2.7%) | 0.10 |
Antibiotic use for the current hospitalization after study enrollment, n (%) | |||
 Carbapenems | 19 (45.2%) | 34 (46.6%) | 0.89 |
 Cephalosporins | 6 (14.3%) | 4 (5.5%) | 0.17 |
 Beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors | 25 (59.5%) | 36 (49.3%) | 0.29 |
 Fluoroquinolones | 19 (45.2%) | 25 (34.2%) | 0.24 |
 Vancomycin | 17 (40.5%) | 27 (37.0%) | 0.71 |
 Aminoglycosides | 4 (9.5%) | 2 (2.7%) | 0.19 |
Colistin use within 3Â months prior to study enrollment, n (%) | 9 (21.4%) | 2 (2.7%) | 0.002 |
Total amount of colistin (mg), median (range) | 2800 (400–9350) | 2000 (300–10,650) | 0.03 |
Total duration of colistin use (days), median (range) | 13 (2–55) | 9 (1–32) | 0.03 |
Total courses of colistin therapy, mean ± SD | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.34 | 0.02 |
Total courses of colistin therapy, range | 1–3 | 1–3 |  |
Patients who received more than 1 course of colistin therapy, n (%) | 10 (23.8%) | 6 (8.2%) | 0.02 |
Length of hospital stay (days), median (range) | 46.5 (12–246) | 32 (6–192) | 0.04 |
All-cause mortality at hospital discharge, n (%) | 35 (47.9%) | 19 (45.2%) | 0.78 |