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Table 3 Characteristics and risk factors of admitted surgical intensive care patients with and without hospital-acquired VRE
| Characteristic | All admitted patients (n = 374) | Patients with acquired VRE (n = 8) | Patients without acquired/ pre-existing VRE (n = 345) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic data | ||||
| Median age (years) | 66 (range: 14–91) | 71.5 (range: 50–78) | 65 (range: 14–91) | 0.43 |
| Male gender | 254 (67.9%) | 4 (50.0%) | 241 (69.9%) | 0.23 |
| Median duration of stay (days) | 3 (range: 1–45) | 14 (range: 7–30) | 3 (range: 1–45) | 0.01 |
| Underlying disease/treatment | ||||
| Haemato-oncological disease | 62 (16.6%) | 1 (12.5%) | 58 (16.8%) | 0.74 |
| Immunosuppressive disease | 71 (19.0%) | 1 (12.5%) | 66 (19.1%) | 0.63 |
| Hepatic insufficiency | 17 (4.5%) | 0 (0%) | 15 (4.3%) | 0.55 |
| Liver transplantation | 8 (2.1%) | 0 (0%) | 8 (2.3%) | 0.66 |
| Renal insufficiency | 51 (13.6%) | 2 (25.0%) | 41 (11.9%) | 0.26 |
| Long-term dialysis | 10 (2.7%) | 1 (12.5%) | 7 (2.0%) | 0.05 |
| Systemic glucocorticoid treatment | 36 (9.6%) | 1 (12.5%) | 32 (9.2%) | 0.76 |
| Antibiotic treatment | 218 (58.3%) | 7 (87.5%) | 207 (60.0%) | 0.11 |
| Ampicillin | 7 (3.2%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (1.9%) | 0.76 |
| Amoxicillin | 14 (6.4%) | 0 (0%) | 13 (6.3%) | 0.58 |
| Flucloxacillin | 20 (9.2%) | 2 (28.6%) | 15 (7.2%) | 0.01 |
| Piperacillin/tazobactam | 62 (28.4%) | 4 (57.1%) | 55 (26.6%) | 0.01 |
| Cefuroxime | 130 (59.6%) | 1 (14.2%) | 127 (61.4%) | 0.16 |
| Ceftriaxone | 7 (3.2%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (1.4%) | 0.79 |
| Meropenem | 41 (18.8%) | 2 (28.6%) | 36 (17.4%) | 0.19 |
| Clindamycin | 7 (3.2%) | 0 (0%) | 7 (3.4%) | 0.68 |
| Daptomycin | 8 (3.7%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (2.4%) | 0.73 |
| Linezolid | 3 (1.4%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (1.4%) | 0.79 |
| Rifampicin | 13 (6.0%) | 0 (0%) | 10 (4.8%) | 0.63 |
| Erythromycin | 7 (3.2%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (2.9%) | 0.71 |
| Vancomycin | 19 (8.7%) | 0 (0%) | 16 (7.7%) | 0.53 |
| Fosfomycin | 7 (3.2%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (2.9%) | 0.71 |
| Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole | 6 (2.8%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (2.9%) | 0.71 |
| Metronidazole | 8 (3.7%) | 0 (0%) | 7 (3.4%) | 0.68 |
| Previous contact to healthcare system | ||||
| Admission from a foreign hospital | 1 (0.3%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.3%) | 0.88 |
| Admission from a domestic hospital | 188 (50.2%) | 5 (62.5%) | 173 (50.0%) | 0.49 |
| Admission from an intensive care unit | 90 (24.1%) | 4 (50.0%) | 76 (22.0%) | 0.06 |
