Skip to main content

Table 1 Patients’ epidemiological characteristics and univariate analysis of multidrug-resistance in gram-negative bacteria

From: Predictive factors for multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria among hospitalised patients with complicated urinary tract infections

 

Entire Cohort

(n = 948)

Susceptible

(n = 691)

MDR

(n = 257)

p-Value

Male gender, n (%)

420 (44.3)

270 (39.1)

150 (58.4)

< 0.001

Mean age (SD), years

65.8 (18.2)

65.6 (18.6)

66.5 (16.8)

0.526

Elective admission, n (%)

141 (14.9)

97 (14)

44 (17.1)

0.236

Admission reason: conditions other than cUTI, n (%)

326 (34.4)

214 (31)

112 (43.6)

< 0.001

Place of residency: long-term care facility, n (%)

165 (17.4)

98 (14.2)

67 (26.1)

< 0.001

Underlying disease, n (%)

 Acute myocardial infarction

79 (8.3)

56 (8.1)

23 (8.9)

0.676

 Congestive heart failure

182 (19.2)

134 (19.4)

48 (18.7%)

0.804

 Peripheral vascular disease

70 (7.4)

55 (8)

15 (5.8)

0.267

 Cerebrovascular disease

182 (19.2)

122 (17.7)

60 (23.3)

0.048

 Dementia

130 (13.7)

93 (13.5)

37 (14.4)

0.709

 Chronic pulmonary disease

135 (14.2)

91 (13.2)

44 (17.1)

0.122

 Connective tissue disease

21 (2.2)

15 (2.2)

6 (2.3)

0.879

 Peptic ulcer

46 (4.9)

34 (4.9)

12 (4.7)

0.873

 Diabetes mellitus

250 (26.4)

186 (26.9)

64 (24.9)

0.531

 Chronic kidney disease

263 (27.7)

191 (27.6)

72 (28)

0.909

 Hemiplegia

86 (9.1)

58 (8.4)

28 (10.9)

0.233

 Leukaemia

9 (0.9)

6 (0.9)

3 (1.2)

0.673

 Lymphoma

13 (1.4)

11 (1.6)

2 (0.8)

0.338

 Chronic liver disease

50 (5.3)

35 (5.1)

15 (5.8)

0.637

 Solid tumour

114 (12.3)

75 (11.1)

39 (15.4)

0.075

 Metastatic tumour

47 (5)

35 (5.1)

12 (4.7)

0.803

 Valvulopathy

88 (9.3)

69 (10)

19 (7.4)

0.221

 HIV infection

10 (1.1)

8 (1.2)

2 (0.8)

0.611

Charlson index ≥ 3, n (%)

418 (44.1)

299 (43.3)

119 (46.3)

0.403

Organ transplant, n (%)

65 (6.9)

45 (6.5)

20 (7.8)

0.492

Immunosuppression, n (%)

94 (9.9)

64 (9.3)

30 (11.7)

0.270

Steroids, n (%)

68 (7.2)

46 (6.7)

22 (8.6)

0.313

Functional capacity: dependent, n (%)

436 (46.1)

298 (43.3%)

138 (53.9)

0.003

Prior UTI (within the previous year), n (%)

247 (26.1)

167 (24.2)

80 (31.2)

0.027

Prior antibiotics (within the previous 30 days), n (%)

190 (20.1)

120 (17.4)

70 (27.6)

0.001

 Prior quinolone

64 (6.8)

38 (5.5)

26 (10.2)

0.010

 Prior Penicillin

55 (5.8)

35 (5.1)

20 (7.9)

0.103

 Prior cephalosporin

42 (4.4)

27 (3.9)

15 (5.9)

0.188

 Prior Carbapenem

22 (2.3)

10 (1.4)

12 (4.7)

0.003

 Prior other antibiotics

51 (5.4)

31 (4.5)

20 (7.9)

0.042

Acquisition in a medical care facility, n (%)

410 (43.2)

244 (35.3)

166 (64.6)

< 0.001

Source of cUTI, n (%)

 Indwelling urinary catheterisation

308 (32.5)

189 (27.4)

119 (46.3)

< 0.001

 Pyelonephritis with normal tract anatomy

196 (20.7)

164 (23.7)

32 (12.5)

< 0.001

 Obstructive uropathy

152 (16)

114 (16.5)

38 (14.8)

0.523

 Urinary tract diversion

84 (8.9)

64 (9.3)

20 (7.8)

0.476

 Other

208 (21.9)

160 (23.2)

48 (18.7)

0.139

Shock/severe sepsis, n (%)

140 (15.9)

104 (16.2)

36 (14.9)

0.635

  1. MDR multidrug resistance, SD standard deviation, cUTI complicated urinary tract infection, HIV human immunodeficiency virus, UTI urinary tract infection