Table 1 Characteristics of ST131 E. coli colonized and non-colonized household members of index community patients. Data are expressed as number of exposed patients (percentage) except where specified
From: Intestinal colonization due to Escherichia coli ST131: risk factors and prevalence
Features of contacts (individual level) | ST 131 colonized household members (n = 18) | Non-ST131 colonized household members (n = 46) | P | Adjusted OR (multilevel) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median age in years (IQR) | 55 (47.25–74) | 48 (37–58.5) | 0.06 | ||
Male gender | 6 (33.3) | 17 (37.0) | 0.78 | ||
Median Charlson index (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.42 | ||
Diabetes mellitus | 2 (11.1) | 3 (6.5) | 0.61 | ||
Cancer | 0 | 3 (6.5) | 0.55 | ||
Recurrent urinary tract infections | 1 (5.6) | 0 | 0.28 | ||
Dependent for basic activities | 2 (11.1) | 0 | 0.07 | ||
Bed-ridden | 1 (5.6) | 0 | 0.28 | ||
Recurrent urinary tract infections | 1 (5.6) | 0 | 0.22 | ||
Urinary catheter | 0 | 0 | |||
Usual caregiver of index patient | 11 (61.1) | 21 (45.6) | 0.26 | ||
Contact with farm animals | 1 (5.6) | 1 (2.2) | 0.48 | ||
Shared bathroom with index patient | 14 (77.8) | 42 (91.3) | 0.14 | ||
Travel abroad in the previous 3 months | 0 | 1 (2.2) | 1 | ||
Sexual partner of index patient | 6 (33.3) | 14 (30.4) | 0.82 | ||
Mean meal outside home > 3 days/week | 3 (16.7) | 6 (13.0) | 0.70 | ||
Cook regularly at home | 9 (50) | 22 (47.8) | 0.87 | ||
Eat chicken products ≥1 per week | 11 (61.1) | 28 (60.9) | 0.98 | ||
Eat turkey products ≥1 per week | 5 (27.8) | 17 (37.0) | 0.48 | ||
Eat raw vegetables ≥1 per week | 17 (94.4) | 39 (84.8) | 0.29 | ||
Recent antibiotic use | 3 (16.7) | 1 (2.2) | 0.06 | ||
Proton pump inhibitor use | 9 (50.0) | 12 (26.1) | 0.06 | 3.08 (0.88–10.8) | 0.07 |
Features of index patient (cluster level) | Clusters with one or more ST131 colonized household member (n = 13) | Clusters without any ST131 colonized household member (n = 21) | P | ||
Median age in years (IQR) | 79 (69.75–83.75) | 67.5 (51.5–81) | 0.16 | 1.05 (1.01–1.10) | 0.05 |
Male gender | 8 (61.5) | 8 (38) | 0.43 | ||
Bed-ridden | 0 | 0 | 0.81 | ||
Dependent for basic activities | 2 (15.3) | 2 (9.5) | 0.65 | ||
Urinary catheter | 4 (30.7) | 3 (14.28) | 0.36 | ||
Median Charlson index (IQR) | 0.5 (0–2) | 1.5 (0–2) | 1 | ||
Pets at home | 7 (53.8) | 11 (52.4) | 0.96 | ||
Recent antimicrobial use | 9 (69.2) | 13 (61.9) | 0.84 |