Skip to main content

Table 2 Single and Multiple Resistance Rates of H. pylori isolated from Nepal and Bangladesh

From: Effective therapeutic regimens in two South Asian countries with high resistance to major Helicobacter pylori antibiotics

Antibiotics

Countries (%)

Nepal (n = 42)

Bangladesh (n = 56)

Both countries (n = 98)

True Single Resistance

 Metronidazolea

9/42 (21.4)

6/56 (10.7)

15/98 (15.3)

 Levofloxacina

0/42 (0.0)

1/56 (1.8)

1/98 (1.0)

Double Resistanceb

 Levofloxacin+metronidazole

3/42 (7.1)

2/56 (3.6)

5/98 (5.1)

 Levofloxacin+garenoxacin

0/42 (0.0)

1/56 (1.8)

1/98 (1.0)

 Rifaximin+garenoxacin

2/42 (4.8)

0/56 (0.0)

1/98 (1.0)

 Rifaximin+metronidazole

8/42 (19.0)

7/56 (12.5)

15/98 (15.3)

 Rifaximin+clarithromycin

1/42 (2.4)

0/56 (0.0)

1/98 (1.0)

 Clarithromycin+metronidazole

0/42 (0.0)

3/56 (5.4)

3/98 (3.0)

Triple Resistance

 Clarithromycin+levofloxacin+metronidazole

1/42 (2.4)

2/56 (3.6)

3/98 (3.1)

 Clarithromycin+metronidazole+rifaximin

2/42 (4.8)

1/56 (1.8)

3/98 (3.1)

 Levofloxacin+metronidazole+garenoxacin

2/42 (4.8)

3/56 (5.4)

5/98 (5.1)

 Levofloxacin+metronidazole+rifaximin

3/42 (7.1)

4/56 (7.1)

7/98 (7.1)

Quadruple Resistance

 Clarithromycin+levofloxacin+metronidazole+rifaximin

0/42 (0.0)

1/56 (1.8)

1/98 (1.0)

 Clarithromycin+levofloxacin+metronidazole +garenoxacin

2/42 (4.8)

2/56 (3.6)

4/98 (4.1)

 Clarithromycin+metronidazole+rifaximin+garenoxacin

1/42 (2.4)

0/56 (0.0)

1/98 (1.0)

 Levofloxacin+metronidazole+rifaximin+garenoxacin

4/42 (9.5)

8/56 (14.3)

12/98 (12.2)

Quintuple Resistance

 Clarithromycin+levofloxacin+metronidazole+garenoxacin+rifaximin

0/42 (0.0)

12/56 (21.4)

12/98 (12.2)

 Amoxicillin+levofloxacin+metronidazole+garenoxacin+rifaximin

0/42 (0.0)

1/56 (1.8)

1/98 (1.0)

Sextuple Resistance

 Clarithromycin+levofloxacin+metronidazole+garenoxacin+rifaximin+sitafloxacin

2/42 (4.8)

0/56 (0.0)

2/98 (2.0)

 Amoxicillin+levofloxacin+metronidazole+garenoxacin+rifaximin+sitafloxacin

0/42 (0.0)

1/56 (1.8)

1/98 (1.0)

  1. aThis number corresponds to our previous reports of the same strains, including clarithromycin, amoxicillin, metronidazole, tetracycline, and levofloxacin resistance
  2. bIsolates categorized into a group will not be included in another group