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Table 2 Deep and organ-space surgical site infection rates per surgical category and procedure type adjusted for the risk factor male sex

From: Gender-related risk factors for surgical site infections. Results from 10 years of surveillance in Germany

 

Female sex

Male sex

IRR(95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)

N

SSI

%

N

SSI

%

All procedures

679,529

5295

0.78

587,253

6360

1.08

1.39 (1.34–1.45)

1.27 (1.18–1.36)

Orthopedics and traumatology

448,287

2327

0.52

287,290

1946

0.68

1.31 (1.23–1.39)

1.36 (1.26–1.47)

 Hip prosthesis following arthrosis

222,430

1099

0.49

155,513

1103

0.71

1.44 (1.32–1.56)

1.46 (1.32–1.60)

 Hip prosthesis following fracture

53,480

803

1.50

22,801

354

1.55

1.04 (0.91–1.17)

0.99 (0.87–1.14)

 Knee prosthesis

159,102

411

0.26

92,223

448

0.49

1.89 (1.65–2.16)

1.83 (1.59–2.11)

 Arthroscopic procedures

13,275

14

0.11

16,753

41

0.24

2.32 (1.27–4.26)

1.96 (1.10–3.47)

Abdominal surgery

138,543

1717

1.24

94,426

2030

2.15

1.75 (1.64–1.87)

1.48 (1.37–1.60)

 Cholecystectomy (endoscopic)

83,623

224

0.27

44,552

199

0.45

1.67 (1.38–2.02)

1.26 (1.02–1.55)

 Colon (endoscopic)

13,193

293

2.22

10,786

361

3.35

1.53 (1.31–1.78)

1.47 (1.25–1.72)

 Colon (open)

27,864

1163

4.17

27,455

1434

5.22

1.27 (1.17–1.37)

1.23 (1.12–1.34)

 Appendectomy (endoscopic)

13,863

37

0.27

11,633

36

0.31

1.16 (0.73–1.84)

1.24 (0.94–1.63)

Heart and vascular surgery

52,060

1174

2.26

124,457

2281

1.83

0.81 (0.75–0.87)

0.68 (0.56–0.82)

 CABG (incl. Vein harvesting)

18,209

690

3.79

70,014

1511

2.16

0.56 (0.51–0.61)

0.55 (0.48–0.64)

 CABG (without vein harvesting)

4627

205

4.43

18,803

300

1.60

0.35 (0.29–0.42)

0.35 (0.22–0.56)

 Re-vascularization of arterial occlusion

14,263

261

1.83

27,579

458

1.66

0.91 (0.78–1.06)

0.87 (0.75–1.02)

 Venous stripping

14,961

18

0.12

8061

12

0.15

1.24 (0.60–2.57)

1.24 (0.67–2.30)

Neurosurgery

16,103

35

0.22

19,127

43

0.22

1.03 (0.66–1.62)

1.03 (0.44–2.45)

 Lumbar disk surgery

16,103

35

0.22

19,127

43

0.22

1.03 (0.66–1.62)

1.03 (0.44–2.45)

General surgery

24,536

42

0.17

61,953

60

0.10

0.57 (0.38–0.84)

0.51 (0.33–0.79)

 Hernia repair (endoscopic)

3679

3

0.08

31,725

13

0.04

0.50 (0.14–1.76)

0.50 (0.14–1.80)

 Hernia repair (open)

3871

9

0.23

23,868

27

0.11

0.49 (0.23–1.04)

0.48 (0.23–1.01)

 Thyroid surgery

16,986

30

0.18

6360

20

0.31

1.78 (1.01–3.14)

1.62 (1.09–2.39)

  1. N number, SSI surgical site infection(s), IRR Incidence rate ratio, AOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval, CABG coronary artery bypass grafting