Glycerol content within the WHO ethanol-based handrub formulation: balancing tolerability with antimicrobial efficacy

Table 3 Model of generalized logistic estimation equations for evaluation considered good for the variables of the skin observation scale performed by the external rater and the study participant for the different alcohol-based formulations

Glycerol Concentration	Proportion with a good outcome	Model Coefficients	Odds Ratio (95% CI)^a
External rater evaluation^b
Glycerol 0%	0.4	−0.92	0.20–0.79
Glycerol 0.5%	2.4	0.88	1.12–5.15
Glycerol 0.75%	0.9	−0.10	0.46–1.77
Glycerol 1.45%	1	–	–
Self-assessment^c
Glycerol 0%	0.23	−1.47	0.11–0.49
Glycerol 0.5%	1.12	0.11	0.53–2.36
Glycerol 0.75%	0.73	−0.32	0.35–1.51
Glycerol 1.45%	1	–	–

^a95% CI = 95% confidence interval
^bExternal rater evaluation: defined as “good” when all four ratings from rater evaluation were 0 (no redness, no scaling, no fissures, and no irritation)
^cSelf-assessment: defined as “good” when all five ratings from self-evaluation were 6 or 7 (normal or perfect)