Table 1 Baseline characteristics and health care exposure of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex cases
CREC (n = 39) | OR (95% CI) | p | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CPEC (n = 20) | Non-CPEC (n = 19) | |||||
Baseline characteristics | ||||||
Female sex | 8 | 7 | 1.14 (0.26–5.05) | 1 | ||
Age (years), median (range) | 65 | (0–82) | 71 | (0–89) | 0.112 | |
Age group (years) | 0.431 | |||||
0–18 | 3 | 1 | ||||
19–49 | 3 | 1 | ||||
50–64 | 4 | 2 | ||||
65–79 | 8 | 13 | ||||
≧80 | 1 | 2 | ||||
Days from admission to positive culture (days), median (range) | 26.5 | (1–352) | 12 | (0–52) | 0.008 | |
Underlying conditions | 20 | 17 | 0.231 | |||
History of surgery | 17 | 12 | 3.20 (0.58–23.2) | 0.155 | ||
Any malignancy | 6 | 9 | 0.49 (0.10–2.12) | 0.333 | ||
Chronic renal insufficiency | 4 | 4 | 0.93 (0.15–6.04) | 0.939 | ||
Neurological disorder | 5 | 3 | 1.75 (0.28–13.3) | 0.695 | ||
Congestive heart failure | 3 | 4 | 0.67 (0.08–4.67) | 0.695 | ||
Diabetes | 3 | 3 | 0.94 (0.11–8.11) | 1 | ||
Transplant recipient | 3 | 1 | 3.09 (0.22–176) | 0.605 | ||
Cirrhosis | 1 | 1 | 0.95 (0.01–78.4) | 1 | ||
Decubitus or pressure ulcer | 0 | 1 | 0.487 | |||
Chronic lung disease | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||
Liver failure | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||
Urinary tract problems or abnormalities | 0 | 1 | 0.487 | |||
Myocardial infarction | 1 | 0 | 1 | |||
HIV positive | 0 | 1 | 0.487 | |||
Health care exposure | ||||||
Administration of antibiotics within 30 days | 18 | 16 | 1.67 (0.17–22.3) | 0.661 | ||
Acute care hospitalization within 3 months | 10 | 13 | 0.47 (0.10–2.03) | 0.333 | ||
Indwelling devices (2 calendar days prior to culture) | 18 | 12 | 5.03 (0.78–57.7) | 0.065 | ||
Central venous catheter | 12 | 7 | 2.50 (0.60–11.4) | 0.205 | ||
Nasogastric tube | 11 | 7 | 2.06 (0.49–9.17) | 0.341 | ||
Drainage tube | 9 | 8 | 1.12 (0.27–4.80) | 1 | ||
Intraperitoneal drainage tube | 6 | 6 | 0.93 (0.19–4.50) | 1 | ||
Chest drainage tube | 4 | 1 | 4.34 (0.38–233) | 0.342 | ||
Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage tube | 3 | 1 | 3.09 (0.22–176) | 0.605 | ||
Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage tube | 1 | 2 | 0.46 (0.007–9.51) | 0.605 | ||
Urinary catheter | 12 | 4 | 5.36 (1.14–30.9) | 0.023 | ||
Intubation (include tracheostomy) | 12 | 3 | 7.53 (1.47–53.8) | 0.008 | ||
Haemodialysis | 2 | 4 | 0.43 (0.03–3.46) | 0.407 | ||