Table 3 Studies describing hospital costs among patients with resistant and multi-drug resistant E. coli and Klebsiella spp. / K. pneumoniae
From: Economic burden of antibiotic resistance in ESKAPE organisms: a systematic review
Author | Bacteria | Comparison | Description of cost | Median cost in 2015 USD | Mean cost in 2015 USD | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case | Control | Median cost | Case | Control | Increase | Ratio | P-value | Mean cost | Case | Control | Increase | Ratio | P-value | |||
Maslikowska et al. [73] | E. coli and Klebsiella spp. | ESBL positive | ESBL negative | Total hospital cost (direct and indirect) | Median (IQR) | 10,379(1245–41,644) | 7786(436–58,035) | 2593(80916391) | 1.33 | 0.0391 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
E. coli and Klebsiella spp. | ESBL positive | ESBL negative | Total hospital cost | Median (IQR) | 2451(285–101,668) | 1868(98–10,994) | 583(187–90,675) | 1.31 | 0.0436 |  |  |  |  |  |  | |
Hu et al. [74] | E. coli and Klebsiella spp. | ESBL positive | ESBL negative | Total hospital cost |  |  |  |  |  |  | Mean | 4119 | 2308 | 1811 | 1.78 | < 0.001 |
MacVane et al. [75] | E. coli and Klebsiella spp. | ESBL positive | ESBL negative | Total hospital cost | Median (IQR) | 11,085(7065–16,325) | 7310(5848–12,025) | 3775(1217–4300) | 1.52 | 0.0200 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
E. coli and Klebsiella spp. | ESBL positive | ESBL negative | Antibiotic cost | Median (IQR) | 55(35–82) | 7(6–12) | 48(29–69) | 7.58 | < 0.001 |  |  |  |  |  |  | |
Yang et al. [76] | E. coli and K. pneumoniae | ESBL positive | ESBL negative | Antibiotic cost | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Mean (SD) | 677(466) | 466(296) | 399(170) | 2.43 | 0.0140 |
Apisarnthanarak et al. [77] | E. coli and K. pneumoniae | ESBL positive | ESBL negative | Hospital cost after culture | Median (range) | 703(49–3626) | 245(61–2127) | 458(−11–1499) | 2.87 | < 0.001 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lautenbach et al. [78] | E. coli and K. pneumoniae | ESBL positive | ESBL negative | Hospital charge after culture | Median | 96,788 | 32,313 | 64,475 | 3.00 | < 0.001 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lee et al. [79] | E. coli and Klebsiella spp. | ESBL positive | ESBL negative | Total infection cost | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Mean (SD) | 51,886(49695) | 49,695(20811) | 20,641(28885) | 1.66 | 0.0380 |
Apisarnthanarak et al. [80] | E. coli and K. pneumoniae | ESBL positive | ESBL negative | Total hospital cost | Median (range) | 2428(53–5300) | 1408(38–4734) | 1020(15–566) | 1.72 | < 0.05 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
E. coli and K. pneumoniae | ESBL positive | Without infection | Total hospital cost | Median (range) | 2428(53–5300) | 684(53–2725) | 1744(0–2575) | 3.55 | < 0.05 |  |  |  |  |  |  | |