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Table 1 Hospitals, wards, and patients with linezolid use. Data from the national point prevalence surveys 2011 and 2016. Data comparison of the two surveys

From: Linezolid use in German acute care hospitals: results from two consecutive national point prevalence surveys

Parameter

Group

Variable

Number (percentage) or Median (IQR)

p-value

Total PPS 2011

With linezolid use PPS 2011

Total PPS 2016

With linezolid use PPS 2016

Participating hospitals

Total

 

132 (100)

49 (37.1)

218 (100)

95 (43.6)

0.24

Number of hospital beds

Median (IQR)

359 (182–607)*

607 (410–822)**

305 (186–548)*

519 (310–728)**

0.17*; 0.04**

Prevalence of patients with antimicrobial use

Median (IQR)

25.1 (19.2–31.2)*

29.5 (25.2–31.9)**

26.2 (19.5–30.5)*

28.7 (20.9–32.9)**

0.67*; 0.59**

Hospital type

Primary care

71 (100)

13 (18.3)

118 (100)

29 (24.6)

0.32

Secondary care

28 (100)

18 (64.3)

41 (100)

28 (68.3)

0.73

Tertiary care

22 (100)

15 (68.2)

36 (100)

30 (83.3)

0.20

Specialized hospital

10 (100)

2 (20)

23 (100)

8 (34.8)

0.44

Other/Unknown

1 (100)

1 (100)

0 (0)

0 (n.a.)

n.a.

Hospital ownership

Public

n.a.

n.a.

103 (100)

57 (55.3)

n.a.

Private, not for profit

n.a.

n.a.

63 (100)

18 (28.6)

n.a.

Private, for profit

n.a.

n.a.

31 (100)

11 (35.5)

n.a.

Other/Unknown

n.a.

n.a.

21 (100)

9 (42.9)

n.a.

Participating wards

Total

 

2142 (100)

98 (4.6)

3182 (100)

212 (6.7)

< 0.01

Number of ward beds

Median (IQR)

25 (18–34)*

20 (12–33)**

26 (18–34)*

24 (16–34)**

0.01*; 0.08**

Prevalence of patients with antimicrobial use

Median (IQR)

23.1 (10.0–39.3)*

53.5 (33.3–72.9)**

25.0 (11.5–40.0)*

45.0 (33.3–63.6)**

0.04*; 0.05**

Percentage of antimicrobials with reason in notes

Median (IQR)

100 (50.0–100)*

95.3 (60.0–100)**

83.3 (44.4–100)*

82.5 (33.8–100)**

< 0.01*; 0.01**

Percentage of linezolid among all antimicrobials

Median (IQR)

0 (0–0)*

9.5 (6.5–13.6)**

0 (0–0)*

9.1 (6.7–14.3)**

< 0.01*; 0.82**

Ward specialty

Medical (incl. Geriatrics, neurology)

656 (100)

25 (3.8)

1034 (100)

50 (4.8)

0.32

Surgical (incl. G/O, urology, ENT)

711 (100)

24 (3.4)

952 (100)

60 (6.3)

< 0.01

ICU

201 (100)

40 (20.0)

346 (100)

79 (22.8)

0.43

Other/Not specified

545 (100)

9 (1.7)

850 (100)

23 (2.7)

0.20

Region

West

597 (100)

16 (2.7)

927 (100)

54 (5.8)

< 0.01

North

349 (100)

22 (6.3)

312 (100)

19 (6.1)

0.91

Southwest

404 (100)

18 (4.5)

813 (100)

57 (7.0)

0.08

Southeast

250 (100)

17 (6.8)

420 (100)

33 (7.9)

0.62

East

542 (100)

25 (4.6)

710 (100)

49 (6.9)

0.09

Included patients

Total

 

41,539 (100)

119 (0.3)

64,412 (100)

255 (0.4)

< 0.01

 

Patient specialty

Medical (incl. Geriatrics, neurology)

16,276 (100)

37 (0.2)

27,704 (100)

64 (0.2)

0.95

 

Surgical (incl. G/O, urology, ENT)

16,828 (100)

39 (0.2)

25,656 (100)

119 (0.5)

< 0.01

 

Intensive care

1652 (100)

40 (2.4)

2674 (100)

65 (2.4)

0.99

 

Other/Not specified

6783 (100)

3 (0.0)

8378 (100)

7 (0.1)

0.37

  1. Where more than one p-value per row is given, asterisks are used to indicate the corresponding datasets. P-values for variables where median and interquartile range are stated, were calculated with Mann–Whitney U test. P-values for variables where number and percentage are stated, were calculated with Chi-squared test. Bold print is used to indicate statistical significance. Abbreviations: IQR interquartile range, PPS point prevalence survey, West North Rhine-Westphalia, North Bremen, Hamburg, Lower Saxony, Mecklenburg-West Pomerania, Schleswig-Holstein; Southwest Baden-Württemberg, Saarland, Rhineland-Palatinate; Southeast Bavaria, Hesse; East Berlin, Brandenburg, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Thuringia; n.a. not available/not applicable, FTE full-time equivalent, G/O gynecology and obstetrics, ENT otolaryngology, ICU intensive care unit