Fig. 2From: The anti-virulence effect of cranberry active compound proanthocyanins (PACs) on expression of genes in the third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli CTX-M-15 associated with urinary tract infectionCt values as a measure of expression of the selected virulence genes. Genes for toxin production, iron acquisition, antibiotic resistance protectins and normal function of the cell were tested after exposure to Cysticlean® using RT-qPCR all genes were significantly downregulated when tested using a t-test. * p = 0.01 to 0.05 ** p = 0.001 to 0.01 *** p = < 0.001 ns = not significantBack to article page