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Table 1 Meta-analysis estimating the average proportion (in %) of each pathogen involved in the studies included and by continent

From: Bacterial pathogens and resistance causing community acquired paediatric bloodstream infections in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Pathogens

Overall (n = 17)

Africa (n = 11)

Asia (n = 6)

Proportion (RE model)

95% CI

I2 (%)

p value

Proportion (RE model)

95% CI

I2 (%)

p value

Proportion (RE model)

95% CI

I2 (%)

p value

E. coli

8.8

5.3–12.9

94.7

1.8E-55

10.7

5.8–16.7

95.9

1.6E-43

5.5

2.4–9.7

83.1

0.001

non typhoidal Salmonella

6.5

2.1–12.8

98.1

2.0E-214

9.8

3.1–19.4

98.4

3.0E-138

2.1

0.0–8.1

94.9

9.7E-21

S. Typhi

6.1

0.3–17.5

99.3

8.4E-278

0.5

0.0–1.2

73.4

0.0002

26.2

0.8–68.5

99.5

1.1E-206

Klebsiella sp.

3.3

1.0–6.9

96.3

8.5E-100

1.8

0.2–4.6

94.5

3.2E-11

6.6

0.8–16.6

96.1

2.0E-44

Unspecified Salmonella

2.6

0.2–6.7

97.7

1.8E-124

2.3

0.0–7.6

97.9

9.1E-22

2.9

0.0–12.3

97.0

3.1E-67

H. influenzae

2.3

0.8–4.6

93.4

6.0E-71

2.8

0.6–6.2

95.1

6.5E-55

1.5

0.0–4.4

85.0

6.7E-06

Pseudomonas sp.

1.8

0.8–3.2

85.0

1.9E-17

0.90

0.3–1.8

70.8

3.5E-05

3.9

1.4–7.5

82.8

6.1E-06

Acinetobacter sp.

1.0

0.4–2.0

79.3

2.2E-14

1.0

0.2–2.2

82.2

7.9E-12

1.1

0.1–3.0

72.7

0.0001

Enterobacter sp.

0.5

0.3–1.0

51.8

0.007

0.5

0.1–1.1

62.7

0.001

0.7

0.2–1.5

16.6

0.54

N. meningitidis

0.3

0.0–0.6

47.8

0.007

0.2

0.0–0.6

46.3

0.032

0.6

0.0–2.0

66.6

0.02

other GNB

8.9

4.1–15.3

97.6

4.3E-114

10.5

4.2–19.0

97.9

6.6E-80

6.4

0.5–17.5

96.7

8.2E-38

all GNB

63.9

52.2–74.9

98.5

6.5E-147

54.8

45.1–64.4

96.8

1.5E-24

79.0

56.7–94.8

98.3

9.7E-55

S. aureus

13.8

7.7–21.2

97.7

7.3E-143

17.8

8.7–29.2

98.3

9.3E-134

7.7

3.3–13.6

89.0

3.2E-07

S. pneumoniae

12.6

6.3–20.7

98.1

1.8E-175

16.8

8.5–27.3

98.1

2.2E-84

6.3

0.3–17.9

97.0

2.3E-30

other Streptococcus

1.2

0.3–2.4

87.1

1.7E-18

1.0

0.2–2.2

82.7

4.4E-11

1.6

0.0–5.2

89.6

8.9E-10

Group A Streptococcus

0.7

0.2–1.4

71.5

1.2E-08

0.7

0.1–1.6

74.5

2.7E-07

0.7

0.0–2.1

66.1

0.01

Enterococcus sp.

0.3

0.0–0.8

66.9

0.0004

0.01

0.0–0.2

20.2

0.015

0.7

0.0–2.4

74.3

0.006

other GPB

1.4

0.4–2.9

89.6

9.2E-21

1.6

0.2–4.0

93.2

1.1E-19

1.13

0.1–3.0

72.2

0.002

all GPB

35.8

24.9–47.5

98.4

3.8E-146

45.18

35.6–55.0

96.8

1.5E-24

20.4

5.2–41.9

98.2

2.7E-52

other species

0.1

0–0.3

26.0

0.097

0

0.0–0.06

0.0

0.46

0.48

0.0–1.5

54.0

0.06

  1. Abbreviations: RE random effect; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval; GNB Gram negative bacteria, GPB Gram positive bacteria
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Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control

ISSN: 2047-2994

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