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Table 3 Mixed-Effects Linear Regression Analyses of the Relationship Between Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and homologous class Antimicrobial Consumption Among Select Pathobionts in 30 European countries

From: Gonococcal resistance can be viewed productively as part of a syndemic of antimicrobial resistance: an ecological analysis of 30 European countries

 

Azithromycin

Ciprofloxacin

ESC/Cefixime

Coeff. ± SE

P

Coeff. ±SE

P

Coeff. ± SE

P

Escherichia coli

NA

 

6.13 ± 0.60

< 0.001

0.52 ± 0.155

0.155

Klebsiella pneumoniae

NA

 

5.44 ± 1.20

< 0.001

−0.08 ± 077

0.910

Streptococcus pneumoniae

2.39 ± 0.61

< 0.001

NA

 

NA

 

Acinetobacter spp.

NA

 

4.75 ± 1.34

< 0.001

NA

 

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

NA

 

0.34 ± 0.82

0.676

NA

 

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

0.52 ± 0.40

0.181

3.86 ± 1.94

0.047

0.49 ± 0.29

0.095

  1. NA Not Available/Not Applicable, ESC Extended Spectrum Cephalosporins, SE Standard Error