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Table 2 Resistance rates (%) of major gram-positive bacteria of PBM patients in China, 2016–2018

From: Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacteria isolated from cerebrospinal fluid among children with bacterial meningitis in China from 2016 to 2018: a multicenter retrospective study

Antimicrobial agent

Sep

A/B (%)

Sho

A/B (%)

Sha

A/B (%)

Spn

A/B (%)

Efa

A/B (%)

GBS

A/B (%)

SA

A/B (%)

Oxacillin

132/165 (80.0)

51/67 (76.1)

31/36 (86.1)

–

–

–

9/31 (29.0)

Penicillin G

143/159 (89.9)

58/66 (87.9)

28/33 (84.8)

92/116 (82.8)

90/92 (97.8)

1/58 (1.7)

1/29 (96.6)

Amoxicillin

–

–

–

26/103 (25.2)

–

–

–

Ampicillin

–

–

–

–

106/111 (95.5)

1/27 (3.7)

–

Cefotaxime

–

–

–

48/117 (41.0)

–

–

–

Ceftriaxone

–

–

–

17/34 (50.0)

–

–

–

Erythromycin

134/160 (83.8)

50/70 (71.4)

35/36 (97.2)

112/116 (96.6)

107/109 (98.2)

28/31 (90.3)

22/31 (71.0)

Clindamycin

–

–

–

60/65 (92.3)

–

45/49 (91.8)

9/25 (36.0)

Gentamicin

44/163 (27.0)

14/69 (20.3)

23/36 (63.9)

–

–

–

2/31 (6.5)

Ciprofloxacin

46/165 (27.9)

15/69 (21.7)

30/36 (83.3)

–

102/110 (92.7)

–

1/32 (3.2)

Moxifloxacin

29/94 (30.9)

13/55 (23.6)

10/17 (58.8)

0/78 (0)

–

–

0/19 (0)

Levofloxacin

30/98 (30.6)

8/58 (13.8)

10/19 (52.6)

0/118 (0)

58/65 (89.2)

28/59 (47.5)

2/21 (9.5)

Rifampin

27/163 (16.6)

8/66 (12.1)

12/35 (34.3)

–

–

–

1/31 (3.2)

Nitrofurantoin

–

–

–

–

66/105 (62.9)

–

0/30 (0)

Co-trimoxazole

57/164 (34.8)

17/67 (25.4)

30/36 (83.3)

101/119 (84.9)

–

–

8/31 (25.8)

Tetracycline

45/165 (27.3)

19/68 (27.9)

14/37 (37.8)

107/117 (91.5)

83/111 (74.8)

33/48 (68.8)

7/32 (21.9)

Vancomycin

0/164 (0)

0/71 (0)

0/37 (0)

0/120 (0)

1/111 (0.9)

0/50 (0)

0/31 (0)

Linezolid

0/192 (0)

0/82 (0)

0/41 (0)

0/94 (0)

5/114 (4.4)

0/56 (0)

0/38 (0)

Tigecycline

–

–

–

–

0/63 (0)

–

–

  1. PBM, pediatric bacterial meningitis; Sep, Staphylococcus epidermidis; Sho, Staphylococcus hominis; Sha, Staphylococcus haemolyticus; Spn, Streptococcus pneumoniae; Efa, Enterococcus faecium; GBS, group B Streptococcus; SA, Staphylococcus aureus
  2. A/B (%), number resistant/number tested (percentage resistant)
  3. A dash (–) indicates that antibiotics were not tested against the isolated pathogens