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Table 4 Empiric antimicrobial use and prescribing quality indicators from 2015 to 2020

From: Effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on antimicrobial prevalence and prescribing in a tertiary hospital in Singapore

Year

2015

2017

2018

2019

2020

P

No. of anti-microbials

768

755

839

821

780

Empiric treatment

608 (79%)

538 (71%)

660 (79%)

577 (70%)

532 (68%)

Reasons in notes

697 (91%)

733 (97%)

746 (89%)

772 (94%)

755 (97%)

< 0.01

Stop/review date

404 (53%)

323 (43%)

450 (54%)

458 (56%)

476 (61%)

< 0.01

Guideline complianta

340/479 (71%)

291/375 (78%)

286/403 (71%)

235/377 (62%)

248/344 (73%)

0.08

No guideline available

96/589 (16%)

66/480 (14%)

138/560 (25%)

108/507 (21%)

110/463 (24%)

Surgical prophylaxis > 24 h

20/36 (56%)

20/34 (59%)

11/26 (42%)

18/26 (69%)

15/27 (52%)

0.76

  1. aThe number of antimicrobial prescriptions for which guidelines were available was used as the denominator to calculate percentages. Only includes empiric and surgical prophylaxis use. P = test for trends in proportions