Skip to main content

Table 2 Comparisons of daily AMR news counts by November and non-November months and by year, stratified by country or territory

From: Drivers of global media attention and representations for antimicrobial resistance risk: an analysis of online English and Chinese news media data, 2015–2018

Statistics

US

UK

CA

AU

SA

IN

MC

HK

TW

Mean daily counts

6.04

2.40

0.70

0.71

0.27

1.15

4.83

0.47

0.33

Standard deviation

11.56

5.56

1.68

1.49

1.05

1.97

8.09

1.28

1.00

Median daily counts

3

1

0

0

0

0

2

0

0

Range of daily counts

0–236

0–71

0–20

0–23

0–22

0–22

0–73

0–15

0–13

Difference in daily counts. (z-score based on Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test) by year in non-Nov. versus

         

 Nov. 2015

0.38

− 1.80

− 0.98

0.15

− 2.66**

− 1.73

− 2.97**

− 0.60

− 0.90

 Nov. 2016

− 1.28

1.00

− 1.14

− 2.65**

0.96

− 2.95**

− 5.17***

− 0.67

1.09

 Nov. 2017

0.16

1.11

0.58

− 1.50

0.01

0.05

0.22

− 0.78

− 0.82

 Nov. 2018

0.02

− 1.06

− 0.43

0.08

− 4.10***

− 2.22*

− 0.32

0.72

− 1.60

Differences in daily counts among years (Kruskal Wallis test)a

10.18*

2.88

2.67

14.88**

12.29**

36.66***

61.79***

7.06

18.42***

Post-hoc Dunn’s pairwise comparison between years (z-score)b

         

 2015 versus 2016

− 1.67

− 3.74***

− 2.10

0.11

− 4.57***

1.32

 2015 versus 2017

− 0.31

− 2.70*

− 2.44*

− 5.06***

− 6.52***

− 2.84

 2015 versus 2018

1.52

− 2.12

− 3.40**

− 2.72*

− 7.06***

− 0.09

 2016 versus 2017

1.35

1.03

− 0.34

− 5.18***

− 1.95

− 4.17***

 2016 versus 2018

3.19**

1.61

− 1.30

− 2.83*

− 2.49*

− 1.41

 2017 versus 2018

1.84

0.58

0.96

2.34

− 0.54

2.75*

  1. CA Canada, AU Australia, SA South Africa, IN India, MC Mainland China, HK Hong Kong, TW Taiwan
  2. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001
  3. aChi-square value of Kruskal Wallis test with three degrees of freedom
  4. bPost-hoc Dunn’s pairwise comparison was only conducted when Kruskal Wallis test indicates that there are significant differences in daily news counts among years