Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population
Probable co-infection (N = 3) | Possible co-infection (N = 35) | Unlikely co-infection (N = 233) | Total (N = 281) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | 2 (66.7%) | 24 (68.6%) | 124 (53.2%) | 157 (55.9%) |
Female | 1 (33.3%) | 11 (31.4%) | 109 (46.8%) | 124 (44.1%) |
Age (years) | ||||
Mean (SD) | 65.3 (7.8) | 60.1 (13.9) | 60.9 (15.0) | 61.1 (14.7) |
≥ 65% | 33.3 | 34.2 | 41.6 | 42.0 |
SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive | 2 (66.7%) | 30 (85.7%) | 204 (87.6%) | 246 (87.5%) |
SARS-CoV-2 PCR negative, CO-RADS ≥ 4 | 1 (33.3%) | 4 (11.4%) | 29 (12.4%) | 34 (12.5%) |
SARS-CoV-2 PCR uninterpretable, CO-RADS ≥ 4 | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.4%) |
CURB-65 | ||||
0 | 1 (33.3%) | 9 (25.7%) | 73 (31.3%) | 86 (30.6%) |
1 | 1 (33.3%) | 12 (34.3%) | 85 (36.5%) | 99 (35.2%) |
2 | 0 (0%) | 8 (22.9%) | 43 (18.5%) | 53 (18.9%) |
3 | 1 (33.3%) | 6 (17.1%) | 26 (11.2%) | 35 (12.5%) |
4 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (2.6%) | 8 (2.8%) |
5 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Direct admission to the critical care unit (ICU or medium care) | 1 (33.3%) | 5 (14.3%) | 14 (6.0%) | 25 (8.9%) |
Admission to the critical care unit within | ||||
24 h | 1 (33.3%) | 6 (17.1%) | 24 (10.3%) | 36 (12.8%) |
48 h | 1 (33.3%) | 7 (20.0%) | 26 (11.2%) | 39 (13.9%) |
72 h | 1 (33.3%) | 7 (20.0%) | 33 (14.2%) | 46 (16.4%) |
History of hypertension | 0 (0%) | 15 (42.9%) | 107 (45.9%) | 129 (45.9%) |
Missing | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (0.9%) | 2 (0.7%) |
History of asthma or COPD | 1 (33.3%) | 9 (25.7%) | 51 (21.9%) | 65 (23.1%) |
History of chronic kidney disease | 0 (0%) | 6 (17.1%) | 17 (7.3%) | 24 (8.5%) |
Missing | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.4%) | 1 (0.4%) |
History of liver disease | 0 (0%) | 1 (2.9%) | 12 (5.2%) | 14 (5.0%) |
History of chronic neurological disorder | 0 (0%) | 3 (8.6%) | 36 (15.5%) | 40 (14.2%) |
Missing | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (0.9%) | 2 (0.7%) |
Immunocompromised* | 0 (0%) | 6 (17.1%) | 17 (7.3%) | 24 (8.5%) |
CRP at admission (mg/L) | ||||
Median (IQR) | 110.0 (67.5) | 167.0 (104.5) | 74.0 (86.0) | 85.6 (96.6) |
Missing | 0 (0%) | 2 (5.7%) | 8 (3.4%) | 11 (3.9%) |
CRP < 100 mg/L | 1 (33.3%) | 6 (17.1%) | 148 (63.5%) | 155 (55.2%) |
Missing | 0 (0%) | 2 (5.7%) | 8 (3.4%) | 11 (3.9%) |
Procalcitonin at admission (ng/mL) | ||||
Median (IQR) | 0.27 (3.18) | 0.13 (0.10) | 0.13 (0.24) | 0.14 (0.24) |
≥ 0.25% | 66.7 | 5.7 | 10.3 | 10.7 |
≥ 0.5% | 33.3 | 2.9 | 4.3 | 5.0 |
Missing | 0 (0%) | 26 (74.3%) | 163 (70.0%) | 195 (69.4%) |
Antibiotic use prior to admission | 1 (33.3%) | 7 (20.0%) | 31 (13.3%) | 43 (15.3%) |