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Table 1 Baseline information on patients (n = 326) included in the study on sex, age at admission, length of stay at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), treatment outcome and diagnoses

From: Clonal spread of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae among patients at admission and discharge at a Vietnamese neonatal intensive care unit

 

Patients with admission samples (n = 326)

Patients with both admission and discharge samples (n = 248)

Total

Admission + 

Admission −

p

Total

Discharge + 

Discharge −

p

Admission + Discharge −

Admission − Discharge + 

p

Admission − Discharge −

p

Admission + Discharge + 

p

Number of patients

326

69

257

–

248

184

64

–

5

137

 

59

 

47

–

Sex

Female

118 (37%)

28 (8.5%)

90 (28%)

0.39

91 (37%)

73 (30%)

18 (7%)

0.13

0

49 (20%)

0.59

18 (7%)

0.22

24 (10%)

0.042

Male

202 (63%)

39 (12%)

163 (50%)

 

153 (63%)

108 (44%)

45 (18%)

 

5 (2%)

86 (35%)

 

40 (16%)

 

22 (9%)

 

Missing data

6 (2%)

2 (0.6%)

4 (1%)

–

4 (2%)

3 (1%)

1 (0.4%)

–

0

2 (1%)

–

1 (0.4%)

–

1 (0.4%)

–

Age at admission

Median (days)

4

16

3

 < 0.001

4

6

3

0.03

5

3

–

3

–

16

 < 0.001

Missing data

13 (4%)

2 (0.6%)

11 (3%)

–

8 (3%)

7 (3%)

1 (0.4%)

–

0

7 (3%)

–

1 (0.4%)

–

0

–

Stay at NICU

Median (days)

5

6

5

0.26

5

7

3

 < 0.001

5

7

–

3

–

9

 < 0.001

Missing data

19 (6%)

4 (1%)

15 (5%)

–

10 (4%)

8 (3%)

2 (1%)

–

1 (0.4%)

7 (3%)

–

1 (0.4%)

–

1 (0.4%)

–

Treatment outcome

Deceased

57 (18%)

19 (6%)

38 (12%)

0.012

42 (17%)

35 (14%)

7 (3%)

0.118

1 (0.4%)

22 (9%)

0.69

6 (2%)

0.097

13 (5%)

0.023

Withdrawn

24 (8%)

10 (3%)

14 (4%)

0.1

21 (9%)

17 (7%)

4 (2%)

0.43

0

8 (3%)

0.1

4 (2%)

0.56

9 (4%)

0.003

Discharged

34 (11%)

9 (3%)

25 (8%)

0.41

30 (12%)

27 (11%)

3 (1%)

0.3

0

19 (8%)

0.34

3 (2%)

0.051

8 (3%)

0.22

Transferred

204 (64%)

29 (9%)

175 (54%)

 < 0.001

150 (62%)

100 (40%)

50 (20%)

0.002

4 (2%)

85 (34%)

0.54

46 (19%)

0.003

15 (6%)

 < 0.001

Missing data

7 (2%)

2 (0.6%)

5 (2%)

–

5 (2%)

5 (2%)

1 (0.4%)

–

0

3 (1%)

–

0

–

2 (1%)

–

Diagnosis

RSD

203 (65%)

43 (13%)

160 (49%)

0.58

158 (66%)

125 (50%)

33 (13%)

0.018

4 (2%)

95 (38%)

0.076

29 (12%)

0.008

30 (12%)

0.69

Pre-term

82 (26%)

17 (5%)

65 (20%)

0.9

70 (29%)

51 (21%)

19 (8%)

0.75

1 (0.4%)

39 (16%)

0.95

17 (7%)

0.88

12 (5%)

0.77

Pneumonia

71 (23%)

21 (6%)

50 (15%)

0.026

58 (24%)

48 (19%)

10 (4%)

0.09

0

31 (13%)

0.65

10 (4%)

0.19

17 (7%)

0.012

Sepsis

41 (13%)

8 (2%)

33 (10%)

0.9

38 (16%)

31 (13%)

7 (3%)

0.26

1 (0.4%)

24 (10%)

0.33

6 (2%)

0.21

7 (3%)

0.98

CHD

26 (8%)

13 (4%)

13 (4%)

 < 0.001

16 (7%)

13 (5%)

3 (1%)

0.51

1 (0.4%)

5 (2%)

0.039

2 (1%)

0.28

8 (3%)

 < 0.001

Hyperbilirubinemia

26 (8%)

1 (0.3%)

25 (8%)

0.03

21 (9%)

15 (6%)

6 (2%)

0.76

1 (0.4%)

15 (6%)

0.14

5 (2%)

0.99

0

0.023

PDA

11 (4%)

4 (1%)

7 (2%)

0.18

7 (3%)

5 (2%)

2 (1%)

0.86

0

2 (1%)

0.14

2 (1%)

0.76

3 (1%)

0.087

Gastroenteritis

8 (3%)

1 (0.3%)

7 (2%)

0.58

6 (2%)

4 (2%)

2 (1%)

0.67

0

3 (1%)

0.76

2 (1%)

0.57

1 (0.4%)

0.92

Pulmonary hypertension

7 (2%)

0

7 (2%)

0.18

4 (2%)

1 (0.4%)

3 (1%)

0.023

0

1 (0.4%)

0.21

3 (1%)

0.015

0

0.34

Asphyxia

6 (2%)

1 (0.3%)

5 (2%)

0.83

5 (2%)

4 (2%)

1 (0.4%)

0.77

0

3 (1%)

0.86

1 (0.4%)

0.85

1 (0.4%)

0.92

Pleural effusion

5 (2%)

0

5 (2%)

0.26

5 (2%)

4 (2%)

1 (0.4%)

0.77

0

4 (2%)

0.28

1 (0.4%)

0.85

0

0.29

Other

71 (23%)

18 (6%)

53 (16%)

–

49 (20%)

34 (14%)

15 (6%)

–

1 (0.4%)

23 (9%)

–

14 (6%)

–

11 (4%)

–

Missing data

15 (5%)

6 (2%)

9 (3%)

–

7 (3%)

5 (2%)

2 (1%)

–

0

2 (1%)

–

2 (1%)

–

3 (1%)

–

  1. Since discharge samples were not collected from all patients, patients with admission samples (i.e., all included samples) were analysed as a set in terms of all included patients and characteristics of admission-positive and admission-negative patients, whereas analyses in terms of discharge-positive and discharge-negative were analysed on a smaller set of patients including all patients from whom discharge samples were taken (n = 248). Due to the large number of comparisons, associations were considered significant for p < 0.01 (marked in bold). Due to the low number of patients which were positive at admission but negative at discharge (n = 5), this cohort was excluded from the statistical analysis
  2. RSD, Respiratory distress syndrome; CHD, Congenital heart disease; PDA, Persistent ductus arteriosus
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Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control

ISSN: 2047-2994

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