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Table 2 Descriptive analysis of definite nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 cases with matched controls (n = 76) and their respective controls (n = 76) for the outcome nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 acquisition

From: Risk factors for nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients: results from a retrospective matched case–control study in a tertiary care university center

Parameter

Category (where applicable)

Number (%) or Median (IQR)

p value

Definite SARS-CoV-2 case

Control

Age

Years

70 (61–82)

70 (58–78)

0.362

Sex

Female

36 (47.4%)

36 (47.4%)

1.000

 

Male

40 (52.6%)

40 (52.6%)

 

Charlson Comorbidity Index

 

6 (5–8.5)

6 (4–9)

0.647

Admission via ER

Yes

44 (57.9%)

44 (57.9%)

1.000

 

No

32 (42.1%)

32 (42.1%)

 

Ward specialty of first in-patient ward (ER)

SUR

14 (18.4%)

14 (18.4%)

1.000

 

MED

25 (32.9%)

25 (32.9%)

 
 

ICU

18 (23.7%)

18 (23.7%)

 
 

HEM

9 (11.8%)

9 (11.8%)

 
 

PSY

5 (6.6%)

5 (6.6%)

 
 

OTH

5 (6.6%)

5 (6.6%)

 

Ward specialty of ward with first positive test

SUR

24 (31.6%)

  
 

MED

33 (43.4%)

  
 

ICU

4 (5.3%)

  
 

HEM

9 (11.8%)

  
 

PSY

5 (6.6%)

  
 

OTH

1 (1.3%)

  

ICU-stay during the relevant timeframe

Yes

26 (34.2%)

29 (38.2%)

0.613

Number of documented procedure codes in the patient files during the relevant timeframe

 

9 (5–14)

12 (9–17)

 < 0.001

Number of ward transfers during the relevant timeframe

 

1 (0–2)

1 (1–2)

0.892

Number of patient room transfers during the relevant timeframe

 

2 (1–3)

2 (1–3)

0.449

Number of contact patients during relevant timeframe

 

5 (2.5–8)

5.5 (3–8.5)

0.343

Number of contact patient-days during relevant timeframe

 

22 (12–36)

30 (19–39.5)

0.055

Present at a ward with a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak reported to authorities during the stay or up to 14 days later

Yes

70 (92.1%)

43 (56.6%)

 < 0.001

Documented contact to a (suspected) SARS-CoV-2 case during the relevant timeframe

Yes

45 (59.2%)

4 (5.3%)

 < 0.001

Documented contact to a (suspected) SARS-CoV-2 case during the relevant timeframe before hospital admission

Yes

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

n.d

Documented contact to a (suspected) SARS-CoV-2 case during the relevant timeframe after hospital admission

Yes

45 (59.2%)

4 (5.3%)

 < 0.001

Documented contact to (suspected) SARS-CoV-2 positive patients during the relevant timeframe*

Yes

30 (39.5%)

3 (3.9%)

 < 0.001

Documented contact to (suspected) SARS-CoV-2 positive staff during the relevant timeframe*

Yes

16 (21.1%)

1 (1.3%)

 < 0.001

  1. Nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 cases, where the first positive SARS-CoV-2 test was from a sample taken more than 10 days after hospital admission, were considered definite nosocomial cases. For SARS-CoV-2 cases, the relevant timeframe was defined as the 14 days preceding the first positive test. For controls, the relevant timeframe comprised of 14 days. Age represents the age in years at the beginning of the relevant timeframe. Contact patients were defined as patients placed in the same patient room for any period of time. Contact patient-days are the product of contact patients and the duration of contact in days. Abbreviations: ER – emergency room; ICU – intensive care unit; IQR – interquartile range; HEM – Hematology/Oncology (non-ICU); MED – internal medicine (non-ICU) (incl. dermatology, geriatrics, neurology); n.d. – not defined; OTH – other/mixed (non-ICU); PSY – psychiatry/psychosomatry; SUR – surgery (non-ICU) (incl. gynecology, urology). *Contact to more than one group of SARS-CoV-2 positive persons (e.g. patients and staff) was possible. In that case, both were recorded and counted
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Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control

ISSN: 2047-2994

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