| Variable | Value | Code | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
URIs | URI incidence (M) in population Ghana (31 M) | 61* | A | |
 | % of URIs for which care was sought at CDROs | 65% | B | Online expert opinion survey (see Additional file 2) |
 | Number of URIs for which care was sought at CDROs (M). Calculation: C = A × B | 40 | C |  |
 | % of URIs for which care was sought that were treated with antibiotics, against recommendations from clinical guidelines | 49% | D | Online expert opinion survey (see Additional file 2) and literature [6, 23,24,25] |
 | Inappropriate use situation 1, number of occurrences (M). Calculation: E = C × D | 19 | E |  |
Antibiotics | Weighted average unit price per antibiotic (USD) Based on set of most commonly provided antibiotics for URI symptoms§, in their most common formulation (capsule or tablet) and dose | 0.05 | F | Customer exit-interviews (ABACUS I database, 2018) and NHIS Medicines List [26] |
 | Weighted average number of antibiotics provided for a full course | 18 | G | Customer exit-interviews (ABACUS I database, 2018) |
Income | Average income, per day (USD) | 13* | H | Labour Force Report 2015, Ghana Statistical Service [27] |
 | Average income, per minute (USD) | 0.03* | I | Labour Force Report 2015, Ghana Statistical Service [27] |
Travel | Average round-trip travel costs to reach pharmacy to seek care for URI (USD) | 0.9* | J | Household surveys (ABACUS I database, 2018) |
 | Average round-trip travel time to reach pharmacy to seek care for URI (minutes) | 42 | K | Household surveys (ABACUS I database, 2018) |
 | Variable | Code | Calculation |
---|---|---|---|
Annual costs | Health care costs | HCC |  = E × F × G |
 | Travel costs | TC |  = E × J |
 | Lost income due to travel | LIT |  = E × I × K |
 | Cumulative costs | CC |  = HCC + TC + LIT |
 | Cumulative costs per capita | CCPC |  = CC ÷ population Ghana [19] |