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Table 3 Bacterial species and resistance traits of 230 isolates obtained from blood and lower respiratory tract of 121 patients

From: Microbiologically confirmed infections and antibiotic-resistance in a national surveillance study of hospitalised patients who died with COVID-19, Italy 2020–2021

 

All infections

Blood

Lower respiratory tract

 

N of isolates

Resistant, n (%)

N of isolates

Resistant n (%)

N of isolates

Resistant n (%)

Enterobacterales (all)

67

46 (68.7) 3GCRa

22

15 (68.2) 3GCR

45

31 (68.9) 3GCR

23 (34.3) CREb

8 (36.4) CRE

15 (33.3) CRE

  Klebsiella pneumoniae

37

32 (86.5) 3GCR

12

10 (83.3) 3GCR

25

22 (88.0) 3GCR

22 (59.5) CRc

8 (66.6) CR

14 (56.0) CRE

  Escherichia coli

10

7 (70.0) 3GCR

6

3 (50.0) 3GCR

4

4 (100) 3GCR

0 (0) CR

0 (0) CR

0 (0) CRE

  Other Enterobacterales

20

7 (35.0) 3GCR

4

2 (50.0) 3GCR

16

5 (31.2) 3GCR

1 (5.0) CR

0 (0) CR

1 (6.2%) CR

Acinetobacter baumannii

45

43 (95.5) CRABd

16

15 (93.7) CRAB

29

28 (93.3) CRAB

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

26

9 (34.6) CR

7

1 (12.5) CR

19

8 (42.1) CRe

Enterococci (all)

43

0 (0) VREf

34

0 (0) VRE

9

0 (0) VRE

  Enterococcus faecalis

28

0 (0) VRE

22

0 (0) VR

6

0 (0) VRE

  Enterococcus faecium

15

0 (0) VRE

12

0 (0) VRE

3

0 (0) VRE

Staphylococcus aureus

34

17 (50.0) MRSAg

13

7 (53.8) MRSA

21

10 (47.6) MRSA

Other bacterial species

15

4 (26.6) MDROh

5

1 (20.0) MDROi

10

3 (30.0) MDROj

  1. a3GCR: resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins
  2. bCRE: Enterobacterales resistant to carbapenems
  3. cCR: resistant to carbapenems
  4. dCRAB: Acinetobacter baumannii resistant to carbapenems
  5. eIncluding 2 cases with carbapenem resistance acquired during carbapenem treatment
  6. fVRE: Enterococcus spp. resistant to vancomycin
  7. gMRSA: methicillin/oxacillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
  8. hMDRO: resistant to ceftazidime and carbapenems
  9. i1 Bacteroides fragilis resistant to ceftazidime and carbapenems
  10. j2 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and 1 Crysobacterium meningosepticum resistant to ceftazidime and carbapenems