Table 2 Infection control and prevention (IPC) characteristics of participating emergency departments stratified according to hospital size, level of care and organizational structure
From: Antimicrobial resistance control in the emergency department: a need for concrete improvement
All (n = 66) | Hospital sizea | Level of care according to the G-BA categoriesb | Organizational structure of EDc | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Attribution of ED | ED physicians’ team structure | |||||||||||
< 400 beds (n = 19) | ≥ 400 beds (n = 47) | 1 (n = 12) | 2 (n = 26) | 3 (n = 28) | Attributed to CMO (n = 51) | Attributed to clinical department (n = 11) | No data (n = 4) | Mainly core team (n = 23) | Mainly physicians seconded to the ED (n = 30) | No data (n = 13) | ||
n (%) | ||||||||||||
IPC link physiciand,e | 40 (61) | 6 (32) | 34 (72) | 4 (33) | 11 (42) | 25 (89) | 31 (61) | 7 (64) | 2 (50) | 14 (61) | 19 (63) | 7 (54) |
IPC link nursef | 55 (83) | 15 (79) | 40 (85) | 9 (75) | 21 (81) | 25 (89) | 46 (90) | 8 (73) | 1 (25) | 19 (83) | 24 (80) | 12 (92) |
IPC Guidelines available for medical and nursing staff | 66 (100) | 19 (100) | 47 (100) | 12 (100) | 26 (100) | 28 (100) | 51 (100) | 11 (100) | 4 (100) | 23 (100) | 30 (100) | 13 (100) |
Guidelines include WHO’s model "My 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene” | 55 (83) | 16 (84) | 39 (83) | 9 (75) | 20 (77) | 26 (93) | 44 (86) | 7 (64) | 4 (100) | 21 (91) | 23 (77) | 11 (85) |
AHR dispenser availability immediately accessible at every treatment place / bed place | 59 (89) | 19 (100) | 40 (85) | 12 (100) | 24 (92) | 23 (82) | 47 (92) | 8 (73) | 4 (100) | 21 (91) | 27 (90) | 11 (85) |
Use of AHR pocket or belt bottles | ||||||||||||
For ≥ 50% of staffg | 4 (6) | 0 (0) | 4 (9) | 1 (8) | 1 (4) | 2 (7) | 4 (8) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (17) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Rarely | 28 (42) | 8 (42) | 20 (43) | 7 (58) | 10 (39) | 11 (39) | 21 (41) | 5 (46) | 2 (50) | 11 (48) | 13 (43) | 4 (31) |
Hand hygiene training offered in the ED | ||||||||||||
Regularly at least once a year | 44 (67) | 13 (68) | 31 (66) | 6 (50) | 18 (69) | 20 (71) | 35 (69) | 7 (64) | 2 (50) | 17 (74) | 21 (70) | 6 (46) |
Irregularly | 16 (24) | 5 (26) | 11 (23) | 4 (33) | 5 (19) | 7 (25) | 13 (26) | 2 (18) | 1 (25) | 4 (17) | 5 (17) | 7 (54) |
Audits of hand hygiene carried out in the ED | ||||||||||||
Regularly at least once a year | 26 (39) | 7 (37) | 19 (40) | 5 (42) | 9 (35) | 12 (43) | 22 (43) | 3 (27) | 1 (25) | 12 (52) | 11 (37) | 3 (23) |
Irregularly | 16 (24) | 6 (32) | 12 (26) | 2 (17) | 7 (27) | 9 (32) | 13 (26) | 3 (27) | 2 (50) | 5 (22) | 8 (27) | 5 (39) |
Feedback of hand hygiene audit observation datah | ||||||||||||
Immediately during auditg | 19 (29) | 3 (16) | 16 (34) | 2 (17) | 6 (23) | 11 (39) | 16 (31) | 2 (18) | 1 (25) | 11 (48) | 7 (23) | 1 (8) |
As part of regular structured feedback | 15 (23) | 4 (21) | 11 (23) | 3 (25) | 5 (19) | 7 (25) | 12 (24) | 2 (18) | 1 (25) | 6 (26) | 7 (23) | 2 (15) |
As part of irregular structured feedback | 11 (17) | 4 (21) | 7 (15) | 3 (25) | 2 (8) | 6 (21) | 7 (14) | 3 (27) | 1 (25) | 4 (17) | 5 (17) | 2 (15) |
Surveillance of AHR consumption in the ED | 48 (73) | 10 (53) | 38 (81) | 7 (58) | 17 (65) | 24 (86) | 29 (57) | 8 (73) | 2 (50) | 19 (83) | 22 (73) | 7 (54) |
Feedback of AHR consumption data | 33 (69) | 8 (80) | 25 (66) | 5 (71) | 10 (59) | 18 (75) | 26 (90) | 7 (88) | 0 (0) | 14 (74) | 15 (68) | 4 (57) |