Table 1 Comparison of patients with Pseudomonas isolates with those without Pseudomonas isolates in a cohort of patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (N = 913)
Characteristics | N (%) | Culture ( +) for Pseudomonas N = 167 (18.3%) | Culture ( +) not for Pseudomonas N = 746 (81.7%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age in years, median | 59 (48–68) | 60 (50–70) | 59 (48–68) | 0.301 |
Age | Â | Â | Â | 0.206 |
  < 65 years | 612 (67.0) | 105 (62.9) | 507 (68.0) |  |
\(\ge\) 65Â years | 301 (33.0) | 62 (37.1) | 239 (32.0) | Â |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | 0.248 |
 Male | 560 (61.3) | 109 (65.3) | 451 (60.5) |  |
 Female | 353 (38.7) | 58 (34.7) | 295 (39.5) |  |
Race | Â | Â | Â | 0.901 |
 Black | 335 (36.7) | 59 (35.3) | 276 (37.1) |  |
 White | 547 (60.0) | 102 (61.1) | 445 (59.7) |  |
 Others | 30 (3.3) | 6 (3.6) | 24 (3.2) |  |
Smoking | Â | Â | Â | 0.420 |
 Current/past smoker | 580 (65.0) | 110 (65.9) | 470 (64.8) |  |
 Never smoker | 281 (31.5) | 54 (32.3) | 227 (31.3) |  |
 Unknown | 31 (3.5) | 3 (1.8) | 28 (3.9) |  |
Body mass index (Kg/m2) | Â | Â | Â | 0.005 |
 < 18.5 | 97 (10.7) | 25 (15.2) | 72 (9.7) |  |
 18.5–24.9 | 318 (35.1) | 70 (42.4) | 248 (33.5) |  |
 25.0–29.9 | 217 (24.0) | 35 (21.2) | 182 (24.6) |  |
 ≥ 30.0 | 274 (30.2) | 35 (21.2) | 239 (32.3) |  |
Culture collection site | Â | Â | Â | 0.001 |
 Sputum | 353 (38.7) | 77 (46.1) | 276 (37.0) |  |
 Bronchoalveolar lavage | 207 (22.7) | 21 (12.6) | 186 (24.9) |  |
 Bronchial wash | 40 (4.4) | 12 (7.2) | 28 (3.8) |  |
 Tracheal aspirate | 313 (34.3) | 57 (34.1) | 256 (34.3) |  |
Admission source | Â | Â | Â | 0.065 |
 Home | 770 (84.3) | 133 (79.6) | 637 (85.4) |  |
 Physician office | 143 (15.7) | 34 (20.4) | 109 (14.6) |  |
Health Insurance | Â | Â | Â | 0.131 |
 Medicaid | 146 (16.0) | 30 (18.0) | 116 (15.6) |  |
 Medicare | 414 (45.4) | 84 (50.3) | 330 (44.2) |  |
 Financial assistance | 24 (2.6) | 3 (1.8) | 21 (2.8) |  |
 Private | 242 (26.5) | 42 (25.2) | 200 (26.8) |  |
 Others | 87 (9.5) | 8 (4.8) | 79 (10.6) |  |
COPD diagnosis, based on time of pneumonia admission |  |  |  |  < 0.0001 |
 Pre-existing COPD | 278 (30.6) | 78 (47.3) | 200 (26.9) |  |
 Non-pre-existing COPD | 106 (11.7) | 12 (7.3) | 94 (12.6) |  |
 No COPD diagnosis | 526 (57.8) | 75 (45.5) | 451 (60.5) |  |
Asthma | Â | Â | Â | 0.201 |
 Yes | 120 (13.1) | 27 (16.2) | 93 (12.5) |  |
 No | 793 (86.9) | 140 (83.8) | 653 (87.5) |  |
HF | Â | Â | Â | 0.477 |
 Yes | 289 (31.7) | 49 (29.3) | 240 (32.2) |  |
 No | 624 (68.4) | 118 (70.7) | 506 (67.8) |  |
Stroke | Â | Â | Â | 0.911 |
 Yes | 73 (8.0) | 13 (7.8) | 60 (8.0) |  |
 No | 840 (92.0) | 154 (92.2) | 686 (92.0) |  |
Type 2 diabetes mellitus | Â | Â | Â | 0.388 |
 Yes | 316 (34.6) | 53 (31.7) | 263 (35.3) |  |
 No | 597 (65.4) | 114 (68.3) | 484 (64.8) |  |
Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR) | 4 (2–7) | 4 (2—8) | 4 (2—7) | 0.011 |
Charlson comorbidity index | Â | Â | Â | 0.108 |
 0–3 | 434 (47.5) | 70 (41.9) | 364 (48.8) |  |
\(\ge\) 4 | 479 (52.5) | 97 (58.1) | 382 (51.2) | Â |
MICU admission | Â | Â | Â | 0.0004 |
 Yes | 292 (32.0) | 34 (20.4) | 258 (34.6) |  |
 No | 621 (68.0) | 133 (79.6) | 488 (65.4) |  |
Dependence on supplemental oxygen diagnosis |  |  |  |  < 0.0001 |
 Yes | 171 (18.7) | 52 (31.1) | 119 (16.0) |  |
 No | 742 (81.3) | 115 (68.9) | 627 (84.1) |  |
In-hospital steroid administration | Â | Â | Â | 0.234 |
 Yes | 443 (48.5) | 88 (52.7) | 355 (47.6) |  |
 No | 470 (51.5) | 79 (47.3) | 391 (52.4) |  |
Length of hospital stay (days), median (IQR) | 10 (5–19)~ | 9 (5–16) | 10 (6–19) | 0.105 |
In-hospital death | Â | Â | Â | 0.685 |
 Yes | 133 (14.6) | 26 (15.6) | 107 (14.3) |  |
 No | 780 (85.4) | 141 (84.4) | 639 (85.7) |  |