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Table 3 Pattern of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas isolates in Pseudomonas positive respiratory culture collected within 48 h of admission (N = 161)

From: Clinical risk factors for admission with Pseudomonas and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas community-acquired pneumonia

Characteristics

N (%)

 + MDR N (%) 36 (22.4%)

-MDR N (%) 125 (77.6%)

p-value

Age in years, median

60 (51–70)

57 (43–69)

62 (53–71)

0.035

Age

   

0.303

 < 65 years

100 (62.1)

25 (69.4)

75 (60.0)

 

\(\ge\) 65 years

61 (37.9)

11 (30.6)

50 (40.0)

 

Sex

   

0.849

 Male

105 (65.2)

23 (63.9)

82 (65.6)

 

 Female

56 (34.8)

13 (36.1)

43 (34.4)

 

Race

   

0.830

 Black

59 (36.7)

15 (41.7)

44 (35.2)

 

 White

96 (59.3)

20 (55.6)

76 (60.8)

 

 Others

6 (3.7)

1 (2.8)

5 (4.0)

 

Smoking

   

0.034

 Current/past smoker

107 (66.5)

18 (50.0)

89 (71.2)

 

 Never smoker

51 (31.7)

17 (47.2)

34 (27.2)

 

 Unknown

3 (1.9)

1 (2.8)

2 (1.6)

 

Body mass index (Kg/m2)

   

0.144

 < 18.5

24 (15.1)

8 (22.9)

16 (12.9)

 

 18.5–24.9

67 (42.1)

16 (45.7)

51 (41.1)

 

 25.0–29.9

34 (21.4)

3 (8.6)

31 (25.0)

 

 ≥ 30.0

34 (21.4)

8 (22.9)

26 (21.0)

 

Culture collection site

   

0.047

 Sputum

73 (45.3)

12 (33.3)

61 (48.8)

 

 Bronchoalveolar lavage

20 (12.4)

3 (8.3)

17 (13.6)

 

 Bronchial wash

11 (6.8)

1 (2.8)

10 (8.0)

 

 Tracheal aspirate

57 (35.4)

20 (55.6)

37 (29.6)

 

Admission source

   

0.321

 Home

130 (80.8)

27 (75.0)

103 (82.4)

 

 Physician office

31 (19.3)

9 (25.0)

22 (17.6)

 

COPD

   

0.248

 Pre-existing COPD

75 (47.2)

15 (41.7)

60 (48.8)

 

 Non-pre-existing COPD

12 (7.6)

1 (2.8)

11 (8.9)

 

 No COPD diagnosis

72 (45.3)

20 (55.6)

52 (42.3)

 

Asthma

   

0.985

 Yes

27 (16.8)

6 (16.7)

21 (16.8)

 

 No

134 (83.2)

30 (83.3)

104 (83.2)

 

HF

   

0.986

 Yes

49 (30.4)

11 (30.6)

38 (30.4)

 

 No

112 (69.6)

25 (69.4)

87 (69.6)

 

Stroke

   

0.010

 Yes

13 (8.1)

7 (19.4)

6 (3.7)

 

 No

148 (91.9)

29 (80.6)

119 (95.2)

 

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

   

0.870

 Yes

51 (31.7)

11 (30.6)

40 (32.0)

 

 No

110 (68.3)

25 (69.4)

85 (68.0)

 

Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR)

4 (3—8)

4 (2—6)

5 (3—9)

0.217

Charlson comorbidity index

   

0.633

 0–3

66 (41.0)

16 (44.4)

50 (40.0)

 

\(\ge\) 4

95 (59.0)

20 (55.6)

75 (60.0)

 

MICU admission

   

0.228

 Yes

34 (21.1)

5 (13.9)

29 (23.2)

 

 No

127 (78.9)

31 (86.1)

96 (76.8)

 

Dependence on supplemental oxygen diagnosis

   

0.030

 Yes

52 (32.3)

17 (47.2)

35 (28.0)

 

 No

109 (67.7)

19 (52.8)

90 (72.0)

 

In-hospital steroid administration

   

0.178

 Yes

83 (51.6)

15 (41.7)

68 (54.4)

 

 No

78 (48.5)

21 (58.3)

57 (45.6)

 

Length of hospital stay (days), median (IQR)

9 (5–16)

8 (5–16)

9 (5–16)

0.564

In-hospital Death

 

8 (5–16)

9 (5–16)

0.148

 Yes

26 (16.2)

3 (8.3)

23 (18.4)

 

 No

135 (83.9)

33 (91.7)

102 (81.6)

 
  1. Antipseudomonal antibiotic classes with specific antibiotics: Fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin); 3rd/4th-geberation cephalosporins (ceftazidime or cefepime); aminoglycosides (tobramycin or amikacin or gentamicin); carbapenem (imipenem or meropenem)
  2. Multidrug-resistance: non-susceptibility (resistance or intermediate susceptibility) to at least one antibiotic in three or more antipseudomonal antibiotics classes above
  3. MDR: multidrug-resistant
  4. Median (interquartile range) reported for age, Charlson comorbidity index, length of hospital stay, and N (%) reported for others; % may not add up to 100% due to approximation
  5. p-values in bold are < 0.05
  6. Out of the 167 patients who had culture-positive Pseudomonas isolates, 6 did not have antibiotics susceptibility data, 36 were MDR, and 125 were non-MDR
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Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control

ISSN: 2047-2994

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