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Table 4 Antimicrobial characteristics of study-related infections according to the empirical antimicrobial treatment strategy used

From: Use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials for more than 72 h and the detection of multidrug-resistant bacteria in Japanese intensive care units: a multicenter retrospective cohort study

 

Total

Broad-spectrum antimicrobial group

Narrow-spectrum antimicrobial group

p value

Mono/polytherapy

 Monotherapy

178 (70.1%)

104 (65.4%)

74 (77.9%)

0.047

 Combination therapy

76 (29.9%)

55 (34.6%)

21 (22.1%)

0.047

 2 Antimicrobial agents

58 (22.8%)

43 (27.0%)

15 (15.8%)

0.045

 ≥ 3 Antimicrobial agents

18 (7.1%)

12 (7.5%)

6 (6.3%)

0.805

Antimicrobial types

 Carbapenem

93 (36.6%)

81 (50.9%)

12 (12.6%)

 < 0.001

 Antipseudomonal penicillin + β-lactamase inhibitor

69 (27.2%)

58 (36.5%)

11 (11.6%)

 < 0.001

 Glycopeptide

46 (18.1%)

38 (23.9%)

8 (8.4%)

0.002

 Penicillin + β-lactamase inhibitor

40 (15.7%)

4 (2.5%)

36 (37.9%)

 < 0.001

 Third-generation cephalosporin

28 (11.0%)

9 (5.7%)

19 (20.0%)

0.001

 First-generation cephalosporin

14 (5.5%)

1 (0.6%)

13 (13.7%)

 < 0.001

 Macrolide

12 (4.7%)

6 (3.8%)

6 (6.3%)

0.373

 Fluoroquinolone

10 (3.9%)

8 (5.0%)

2 (2.1%)

0.329

 Second-generation cephalosporin

7 (2.8%)

0 (0.0%)

7 (7.4%)

0.001

 Penicillin

5 (2.0%)

4 (2.5%)

1 (1.1%)

0.653

 Lincosamide

5 (2.0%)

2 (1.3%)

3 (3.2%)

0.366

 Aminoglycoside

4 (1.6%)

4 (2.5%)

0 (0.0%)

0.300

 Oxazolidinone

4 (1.6%)

1 (0.6%)

3 (3.2%)

0.149

 Fourth-generation cephalosporin

3 (1.2%)

3 (1.9%)

0 (0.0%)

0.295

 Lipopeptide

3 (1.2%)

3 (1.9%)

0 (0.0%)

0.295

 Others

7 (2.8%)

6 (3.8%)

1 (1.1%)

0.262

 Duration of treatment for the infection under study (days)

10.5 (6–16)

12 (7–18)

7 (5–13)

 < 0.001

 Inappropriate empirical antimicrobial prescriptiona

12 (4.7%)

8 (5.0%)

4 (4.2%)

 > 0.999

  1. Results are shown as n (%)
  2. aPresence of a causative pathogen resistant to the initial agent(s) leading to addition or replacement of the empirical antimicrobial agent