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Table 3 Percent susceptible isolates of all sources (N = 181) of gram-positive bacteria Cape Coast Teaching Hospital

From: Utilising cumulative antibiogram data to enhance antibiotic stewardship capacity in the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana

Organism

Isolates

Aminoglycosides

Penicillin

Macrolides

Cephalosporins

Fluoroquinolones

Other

N

AMKa

GEN

SAM

AZMb

ERYc

CTX

CROd

CIP

NORe

LVX

OFXf

SPXg

TCY

NITh

SXT

CHLi

LNZ

CLIj

All Gram-positive organisms

181

44

78

59

64

39

37

50

46

33

55

50

85

29

100

30

67

62

27

Staphylococcus sp.

166

35

78

58

64

39

36

75

48

33

54

33

85

31

100

31

67

62

26

Staphylococcus aureus ss. aureus

45

22

90

61

67

43

47

50

60

0

58

33

89

21

100

35

50

58

44

Staphylococcus, coagulase negative

113

50

73

61

67

36

33

100

45

100

55

100

80

35

100

31

100

66

20

Staphylococcus, coagulase negative(blood)

70

20

74

67

63

50

35

100

52

56

88

37

35

79

27

  1. AMK, Amikacin; GEN, Gentamicin; SAM, Ampicillin–sulbactam; AZM, Azithromycin; ERY, Erythromycin; CTX, Cefotaxime; CRO, Ceftriaxone; CIP, Ciprofloxacin; NOR, Norfloxacin; LVX, Levofloxacin; OFX, Ofloxacin; SPX, Sparfloxacin; TCY, Tetracycline; NIT, Nitrofurantoin; SXT, Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole; CHL, Chloramphenicol; LNZ, Linezolid; CLI, Clindamycin; and N, total number of isolates
  2. The percent of isolates susceptible (%S) for each organism/antimicrobial combination was generated by including the first isolate only of that organism encountered on a given patient during 2020 (de-duplicated data)
  3. eNOR: Norfloxacin data from urine isolates only
  4. hNIT: Nitrofurantoin data from urine isolates only
  5. jCLI: Clindamycin breakpoints were used as a surrogate for Lincomycin breakpoints during susceptibility reporting
  6. a,b,c,d,f,g,i,jAMK: Amikacin; AZM: Azithromycin; ERY: Erythromycin; CRO: Ceftriaxone; OFX: Ofloxacin; SPX: Sparfloxacin; CHL: Chloramphenicol—less than 30 isolates (N < 30) were tested against these antibiotics hence results should be interpreted with caution
  7. %S = Percent of isolates susceptible, all organisms were tested by disc diffusion, N = Number, spp. = species, R = intrinsically resistant, (‒) = No data available, small number of isolates tested (N < 30), antimicrobial agent is not indicated, or not effective clinically. Interpretation standard: CLSI M100 ED30:2020. Presentation standard: CLSI M39-A4:2014. Data analysis: WHONET 2020 (20.13.14)
  8. Data source: Cape Coast Teaching Hospital Routine Antimicrobial Surveillance. Data shown is from surveillance of routine diagnostic cultures performed in the institution from 1st January to 31st December 2020. Version 1.1 (12/02/2021)