|  |  |  | Findings in reports from all study years meeting criteria for generalizability | Resistance estimate category | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nations | Number of reports | Specimens in all reports | Any R | Reports meeting criteria | Total specimens meeting criteria | Range of specimens among studies | Resistant specimens (#) | Resistant specimens (%) | Resistant range (%) | Median R | |
Algeria | 21 | 2434 | Y | 10 | 2371 | 30–1184 | 13 | 0.5 | 0–12.7 | 0 | Low |
Angola | 2 | 52 | Y | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | Insufficient isolates—resistance detected |
Benin | 5 | 503 | Y | 4 | 498 | 84–221 | 11 | 2.2 | 0–8 | 2.3 | Moderate |
Botswana | 1 | 27 | N | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | Insufficient isolates—resistance not detected |
Burkina Faso | 10 | 651 | Y | 5 | 611 | 26–296 | 5 | 0.8 | 0–16.1 | 0 | Low |
Cameroon | 6 | 69 | Y | 2 | 54 | 24–30 | 5 | 9.3 | 0–16.7 | N/A* | Insufficient isolates—resistance detected |
Cape Verde | 1 | 1 | N | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | Insufficient isolates—resistance not detected |
CAR | 2 | 84 | N | 2 | 84 | 33–51 | 0 | 0 | 0–0 | N/A* | Insufficient isolates—resistance not detected |
Chad | 8 | 402 | Y | 5 | 382 | 31–128 | 6 | 1.6 | 0–4.7 | 0 | Low |
Congo | 1 | 89 | Y | 1 | 89 | - | 3 | 3.4 | - | N/A* | Insufficient isolates—resistance detected |
Côte d'Ivoire | 2 | 71 | Y | 1 | 57 | - | 0 | 0 | - | N/A* | Insufficient isolates—resistance detected |
DRC | 3 | 451 | N | 3 | 451 | 21–376 | 0 | 0 | 0–0 | 0 | Resistance not detected |
Djibouti | 2 | 32 | Y | 1 | 31 | - | 0 | 0 | - | N/A* | Insufficient isolates—resistance detected ^ |
Egypt | 71 | 4094 | Y | 36 | 3274 | 21–486 | 377 | 11.5 | 0–83.3 | 7.9 | High |
Equatorial Guinea | 1 | 39 | N | 1 | 39 | - | 0 | 0 | - | N/A* | Insufficient isolates—resistance not detected |
Eritrea | 1 | 14 | N | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | Insufficient isolates—Resistance not detected |
Ethiopia | 19 | 1794 | Y | 12 | 1729 | 31–235 | 54 | 3.1 | 0–41.8 | 0.9 | Low |
Gabon | 3 | 85 | N | 2 | 76 | 30–46 | 0 | 0 | 0–0 | N/A* | Insufficient isolates—RESISTANCE not detected |
Gambia | 1 | 8 | Y | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | Insufficient isolates—resistance detected |
Ghana | 12 | 394 | Y | 6 | 341 | 25–118 | 27 | 7.9 | 0–40.6 | 0 | Low |
Guinea | 1 | 1 | N | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | Insufficient isolates—resistance not detected |
Guinea-Bissau | 1 | 83 | N | 1 | 83 | - | 0 | 0 | - | N/A* | Insufficient isolates—resistance not detected |
Kenya | 13 | 8603 | Y | 11 | 8595 | 25–5165 | 37 | 0.4 | 0–13 | 0 | Low |
Libya | 14 | 1133 | Y | 7 | 1035 | 75–346 | 62 | 6 | 0–52 | 0.6 | Low |
Madagascar | 9 | 1190 | Y | 5 | 1171 | 46–672 | 7 | 0.6 | 0–2 | 0.6 | Low |
Malawi | 3 | 2600 | Y | 2 | 2592 | 657–1935 | 54 | 2.1 | 1.4–4.1 | 2.7 | Moderate |
Mali | 3 | 164 | Y | 2 | 163 | 31–132 | 25 | 15.3 | 3.3–18.2 | 10.7 | High |
Mauritania | 1 | 366 | Y | 1 | 366 | - | 4 | 1.1 | - | 1 | Moderate |
Mauritius | 2 | 184 | Y | 1 | 183 | - | 5 | 2.7 | - | 3 | Moderate |
Morocco | 15 | 3292 | Y | 7 | 3197 | 83–1174 | 41 | 1.3 | 0–5.7 | 1.1 | Moderate |
Mozambique | 5 | 176 | N | 3 | 161 | 35–75 | 0 | 0 | 0–0 | 0 | Resistance not detected |
Niger | 4 | 679 | Y | 2 | 461 | 27–434 | 0 | 0 | 0–0 | 0 | Low |
Nigeria | 62 | 3095 | Y | 30 | 2567 | 21–278 | 265 | 10.3 | 0–63 | 2.7 | Moderate |
Rwanda | 5 | 417 | Y | 4 | 410 | 55–139 | 8 | 2 | 0–8 | 1.7 | Moderate |
Sao Tome and Principe | 1 | 30 | Y | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | Insufficient isolates—resistance detected |
Senegal | 6 | 174 | Y | 3 | 156 | 33–74 | 1 | 0.6 | 0–3 | 0 | Low |
Sierra Leone | 5 | 14 | Y | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | Insufficient isolates—resistance detected ^ |
Somalia | 1 | 27 | N | 1 | 27 | - | 0 | 0 | - | N/A* | Insufficient isolates—resistance not detected |
South Africa | 36 | 24,270 | Y | 22 | 24,135 | 20–14,348 | 264 | 1.1 | 0–82.6 | 0 | Low |
South Sudan | 1 | 65 | N | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | Insufficient isolates—Resistance NOT detected |
Sudan | 10 | 614 | Y | 3 | 520 | 71–326 | 72 | 13.8 | 9–36.6 | 10.7 | High |
Tanzania | 22 | 912 | Y | 13 | 819 | 20–164 | 18 | 2.2 | 0–19.2 | 0 | Low |
Togo | 5 | 164 | Y | 1 | 35 | - | 0 | 0 | - | N/A* | Insufficient isolates—resistance detected |
Tunisia | 17 | 21,324 | Y | 10 | 21,299 | 48–9485 | 207 | 1 | 0–3.7 | 0.6 | Low |
Uganda | 13 | 598 | Y | 5 | 372 | 22–181 | 18 | 4.8 | 0–19 | 4.5 | Moderate |
Zambia | 3 | 477 | Y | 3 | 477 | 56–343 | 341 | 71.5 | 0–99.3 | 0 | Low |
Zimbabwe | 2 | 24 | N | 1 | 23 | - | 0 | 0 | - | N/A* | Insufficient isolates—resistance not detected |
All reporting countries | 432 | 81,970 | Y | 229 | 78,934 | 20–14,348 | 1930 | 2.4** | – | – | – |