Middle income countries (14 countries) | High income countries (27 countries) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
N = 836 | N = 2,414 | |||
%* | SE** | %* | SE** | |
Procedures at insertion | ||||
In my ICU, the following procedures were used during the last catheter insertion I did or assisted in… | ||||
Hand hygiene before central line insertion | 97 | 0.7 | 98 | 0.3 |
Using mask, cap, sterile gloves and sterile gown | 93 | 1.0 | 96 | 0.5 |
Using chlorhexidine >0.5% in alcohol for skin preparation | 58 | 2.1 | 85 | 0.9 |
Using sterile drapes to cover patient from head to toes | 51 | 2.1 | 82 | 0.9 |
Using antimicrobial ointment at insertion site (NR***) | 14 | 1.4 | 9 | 0.9 |
Administering systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis for CLABSI prevention (NR***) | 24 | 1.8 | 8 | 0.7 |
Four recommended practices and none of not recommended | 23 | 1.7 | 62 | 1.4 |
Insertion site | ||||
Ultrasound guidance was used last time central line was inserted in the internal jugular vein (%yes) | 50 | 2.1 | 79 | 1.1 |
In my ICU, the femoral vein is used always, or most of the time (NR***) | 15 | 1.3 | 11 | 0.9 |
Procedures at maintenance | ||||
When I last accessed a central-line, I… | ||||
Disinfected central line hubs when accessing ports | 84 | 1.5 | 82 | 1.0 |
Disinfected my hands before | 87 | 1.4 | 88 | 0.9 |
Used gloves | 59 | 2.1 | 84 | 1.4 |
Change of dressing (if not soiled, damped or loose) | ||||
Dry Dressing (sterile gauze) | ||||
every 2 days | 20 | 1.7 | 15 | 1.0 |
more often (NR***) | 31 | 1.9 | 24 | 1.2 |
less often (NR***) | 34 | 2.0 | 29 | 1.1 |
Don’t know | 15 | 1.5 | 32 | 1.4 |
Transparent Dressing | ||||
every 5-7 days | 22 | 1.7 | 41 | 1.5 |
more often (NR***) | 70 | 1.9 | 40 | 1.2 |
less often (NR***) | 2 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.4 |
Don’t know | 6 | 0.9 | 17 | 1.1 |
In my ICU, patients with a central line are assessed daily for the need or removal of it (explicitly: with a note in clinical file, or a tick on a check list) | 60 | 2.0 | 73 | 1.2 |