All | C. glabrata | C. tropicalis | C. albicans | C. parapsilosis | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 261 | n = 75 (28.6%) | n = 71 (27.1%) | n = 59 (22.6%) | n = 33 (12.6%) | ||
Demographics | ||||||
Male sex | 138 (52.9) | 37 (49.3) | 39 (54.9) | 32 (54.2) | 22 (66.7) | 0.42 |
Median age (range) | 65 (22–101) | 67 (24–95) | 63 (28–90) | 68 (27–101) | 61 (28–86) | 0.06 |
Ward type | 0.83 | |||||
Medical ward | 110 (42.1) | 30 (40.0) | 35 (49.3) | 23 (39.0) | 14 (42.4) | |
Surgical ward | 51 (19.5) | 16 (21.3) | 10 (14.1) | 14 (23.7) | 7 (21.2) | |
ICU | 100 (38.3) | 29 (38.7) | 26 (36.6) | 22 (37.3) | 12 (36.4) | |
Elective admission | 27 (10.3) | 12 (16.0) | 5 (7.0) | 5 (8.5) | 4 (12.1) | 0.32 |
Comorbidities | ||||||
Malignancies | 106 (40.6) | 34 (45.3) | 29 (40.8) | 23 (39.0) | 12 (36.4) | 0.81 |
Haematological | 27 (10.3) | 3 (4.0) | 13 (18.3) | 6 (10.2) | 2 (6.1) | 0.03 |
Oncological | 84 (32.2) | 32 (42.7) | 17 (23.9) | 18 (30.5) | 11 (33.3) | 0.11 |
With metastases | 36 (13.8) | 16 (21.3) | 11 (15.5) | 6 (10.2) | 3 (9.1) | 0.23 |
Diabetes | 103 (39.5) | 31 (41.3) | 25 (35.2) | 23 (39.0) | 12 (36.4) | 0.89 |
Chronic renal failure | 67 (25.7) | 17 (22.7) | 22 (31.0) | 14 (23.7) | 8 (24.2) | 0.67 |
Hepatobiliary disorders | 58 (22.2) | 17 (22.7) | 20 (28.2) | 8 (13.6) | 8 (24.2) | 0.25 |
Myocardial infarction | 43 (16.5) | 10 (13.3) | 13 (18.3) | 15 (25.4) | 1 (3.0) | 0.04 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 29 (11.1) | 12 (16.0) | 8 (11.3) | 4 (6.8) | 4 (12.1) | 0.44 |
Median (range) Charlson score | 5 (0–15) | 6 (0–15) | 5 (0–14) | 4 (0–12) | 4 (0–9) | 0.08 |
Risk factors | ||||||
Central venous catheter | 192 (73.6) | 47 (62.7) | 55 (77.5) | 46 (78.0) | 26 (78.8) | 0.11 |
Drain | 60 (23.0) | 22 (29.3) | 14 (19.7) | 16 (27.1) | 6 (18.2) | 0.43 |
Mechanical ventilation | 111 (42.5) | 26 (34.7) | 31 (43.7) | 25 (42.4) | 16 (48.5) | 0.52 |
Total parenteral nutrition | 52 (19.9) | 12 (16.0) | 13 (18.3) | 12 (20.3) | 10 (30.3) | 0.37 |
Surgery | 170 (65.1) | 51 (68.0) | 44 (66.0) | 39 (66.1) | 20 (60.6) | 0.83 |
Gastrointestinal surgery | 41 (15.7) | 18 (24.0) | 5 (7.0) | 9 (24.3) | 5 (15.2) | 0.05 |
Renal replacement therapy | 85 (32.6) | 16 (21.3) | 28 (39.4) | 21 (35.6) | 12 (36.4) | 0.10 |
Antimicrobial therapy | 236 (90.4) | 67 (89.3) | 68 (95.8) | 53 (89.8) | 27 (81.8) | 0.15 |
Antifungal therapy | 51 (19.5) | 13 (17.3) | 15 (21.1) | 8 (13.6) | 11 (33.3) | 0.13 |
Azole | 24 (9.2) | 5 (6.7) | 10 (14.1) | 6 (10.2) | 2 (6.1) | 0.41 |
Echinocandin | 30 (11.5) | 8 (10.7) | 6 (8.5) | 2 (3.4) | 10 (30.3) | 0.001 |
Immunosuppressive therapy | 76 (29.1) | 17 (22.7) | 28 (39.4) | 16 (27.1) | 10 (30.3) | 0.16 |
Neutropenia | 21 (8.0) | 3 (4.0) | 13 (18.3) | 2 (3.4) | 2 (6.1) | 0.004 |
Therapy | ||||||
Primary therapy | 0.15 | |||||
Echinocandin | 165 (73.3) | 45 (76.3) | 49 (81.7) | 32 (60.4) | 22 (71.0) | |
Azole | 52 (23.1) | 12 (20.3) | 11 (18.3) | 17 (32.0) | 8 (25.8) | |
Others | 8 (3.1) | 2 (3.3) | 1 (1.7) | 4 (6.8) | 1 (3.2) | |
None | 36 (13.8) | 16 (21.3) | 10 (14.1) | 6 (10.2) | 2 (6.1) | |
Median (range) time to primary therapy, days | 1 (0–9) | 2 (0–7) | 1 (0–3) | 2 (0–5) | 1 (0–9) | 0.01 |
Median (range) duration of therapy, days | 15 (1–140) | 16 (2–61) | 11 (1–96) | 16 (1–140) | 15 (2–47) | 0.01 |
Infection Characteristics & Outcomes | ||||||
Median (range) time to positive culture, days | 12 (0–282) | 11 (0–282) | 14 (0–123) | 14 (0–79) | 37 (0–104) | 0.37 |
Median (range) time to reporting positive culture, days | 2 (0–10) | 3 (0–9) | 1 (0–10) | 2 (1–5) | 2(1–3) | <0.001 |
Median (range) time to species identification, days | 5 (2–22) | 6 (2–12) | 4 (2–12) | 5 (2–9) | 5 (3–7) | <0.001 |
Median (range) SAPS II score | 49 (14–103) | 48 (18–95) | 55 (18–93) | 48 (23–103) | 44 (14–72) | 0.01 |
Median (range) Pitts' bacteraemia score | 3 (0–14) | 2 (0–11) | 3 (0–12) | 3 (0–11) | 2 (0–8) | 0.86 |
Severe sepsis at time of culture | 151 (57.9) | 49 (65.3) | 43 (60.6) | 33 (55.9) | 13 (58.0) | 0.08 |
ICU stay | 131 (50.2) | 36 (48.0) | 35 (49.3) | 30 (50.8) | 16 (48.5) | 0.99 |
Concurrent infection | 127 (48.7) | 33 (44.0) | 36 (57.0) | 30 (50.8) | 16 (48.5) | 0.83 |
Candida colonization/infection at other sites | 118 (45.2) | 41 (54.7) | 39 (54.9) | 34 (57.6) | 18 (54.5) | 0.99 |
30-day in-hospital all-cause mortality | 130 (49.8) | 38 (50.7) | 42 (59.2) | 28 (47.5) | 9 (27.3) | 0.03 |