Table 1 Characteristics of all studies included in the present analysis
Authors | Publication year | Study period | Study location by Zonal Council | Study population | Specimen type(s) | AST method(s) | Total Enterococci isolates | Total E. faecalis isolates | Total E. faecium isolates | Total VRE isolates (prevalence %) | E. faecalis VRE | E. faecium VRE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bhargava et al. [56] | 2022 | November 2018 to December 2019 | Central India | Patients > 5 years presenting with UTI | Urine | Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion | 18 | - | - | 5 (27.78%) | - | - |
Bhatt et al. [57] | 2015 | August 2011 to February 2014 | - | In-patients and out-patients at a tertiary care hospital | Bile fluid, blood, CSF, pus, semen, tracheal aspirate, urine | Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion | 200 | 150 | 50 | 28 (14.00%) | 6 | 22 |
Das et al. [58] | 2022 | January 2016 to December 2018 | Northern India | Patients symptomatic of UTI | Urine | VITEK-2, Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion | 118 | 94 | 20 | 20 (16.95%) | 14 | 6 |
Das et al. [59] | 2021 | January 2019 to December 2020 | Eastern India | Patients ≥ 18 years developing UTI symptoms | Urine | VITEK-2 | 457 | 381 | 76 | 41 (8.97%) | 18 | 23 |
Deshpande et al. [60] | 2013 | - | Western India | - | - | Broth microdilution | 291 | 204 | 87 | 57 (19.59%) | 38 | 19 |
Gangurde et al. [61] | 2014 | August 2012 to July 2013 | Western India | - | - | Vancomycin agar screen test | 180 | 108 | 58 | 15 (8.33%) | 5 | 8 |
Goel et al. [62] | 2016 | April 2013 to May 2014 | Northern India | Out-patients and in-patients < 48 h after hospital admission suspected of UTI | Urine | Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion, Vancomycin agar screen test, MIC by agar dilution | 115 | 61 | 42 | 13 (11.30%) | 6 | 5 |
Hazarika et al. [24] | 2021 | - | North-eastern India | Healthy individuals from Adi tribes | Stool | Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion | 6 | - | - | 2 (33.33%) | - | - |
Jain et al. [63] | 2022 | January 2014 to June 2015 | Northern India | Pregnant women who underwent Caesarean delivery and developed surgical site infection within 30 days | Infected surgical site swab | Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion | 9 | - | - | 3 (33.33%) | - | - |
Kapoor et al. [64] | 2005 | April to October 2001 | Northern India | Paediatric in-patients with bacteraemia | Blood | Vancomycin agar screen test, MIC by agar dilution | 50 | 10 | 33 | 0 (0.00%) | 0 | 0 |
Meena et al. [65] | 2017 | November 2015 to April 2016 | Northern India | In-patients and out-patients symptomatic of UTI | Urine | Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion | 70 | 9 | 61 | 26 (37.14%) | 1 | 25 |
Phukan et al. [66] | 2016 | - | North-eastern India | In-patients and out-patients of a tertiary care hospital | Blood, pus, sputum, throat swabs, urine | Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion | 67 | 54 | 13 | 16 (23.88%) | 9 | 7 |
Praharaj et al. [67] | 2013 | November 2008 to October 2009 | Southern India | In-patients and out-patients | CSF, peritoneal fluid, pleural fluid, pus, synovial fluid, tissue biopsies, urine, wound swabs | Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion, Vancomycin agar screen test, MIC by agar dilution | 367 | - | - | 32 (8.72%) | 29 | 0 |
Purohit et al. [68] | 2017 | October 2013 to April 2015 | Northern India | Hospitalised patients | Blood, pus, urine | MIC by agar dilution, E test | 250 | 82 | 162 | 57 (22.80%) | 2 | 55 |
Sami et al. [69] | 2020 | March 2018 to February 2019 | Central India | In-patients and out-patients of a tertiary care hospital | Pus, urine | Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion, VITEK-2 | 1014 | - | - | 31 (3.06%) | 1 | 30 |
Shinde et al. [70] | 2012 | - | Western India | In-patients and out-patients of a tertiary care hospital | Blood, body fluids, pus, urine | Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion | 54 | 47 | 5 | 0 (0.00%) | 0 | 0 |
Sreeja et al. [71] | 2012 | January to December 2008 | Southern India | - | Blood, body fluids, pus, tissue, urine | Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion, E test | 128 | 97 | 31 | 0 (0.00%) | 0 | 0 |
Taneja et al. [72] | 2004 | October 2000 to April 2001 | Northern India | Patients suspected of UTI | Urine | Vancomycin agar screen test | 144 | 80 | 17 | 8 (5.56%) | 1 | 5 |
Yadav & Agarwal [73] | 2022 | June 2019 to May 2020 | Central India | Patients requiring bacterial culture | Blood, body fluids, pus, urine | Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion | 145 | 73 | 69 | 14 (9.66%) | 4 | 9 |