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P094: Impact of antibiotics changes on the incidence of bloodstream infection due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in an Algerian neonatal intensive care unit
Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control volume 2, Article number: P94 (2013)
Introduction
Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common nosocomial bloodstream infection (BSI) pathogens in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of developing countries. Its ability to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) has caused great concern worldwide. Early studies reported that high beta-lactam antibiotic consumption was an independent risk factor for acquisition of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae BSI.
Objectives
The objective of this study was to examine the impact of the reduction of beta-lactam antibiotic consumption on the incidence of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae BSI in an Algerian NICU.
Methods
A comprehensive education campaign was undertaken in the University Hospital of Blida NICU in the beginning of 2008 to reduce the beta-lactam antibiotic consumption in this unit. To measure the impact of this campaign on the incidence of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae BSI, a prospective surveillance of healthcare-associated BSI was performed from 2008 to 2010 using National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) System criteria. Antibiotic consumption was measured by dividing the total days of beta-lactam antibiotic consumption by the total days of patients NICU stay.
Results
From 2008 to 2010, a total of 3842 neonates who remained in the NCIU for more than 48 hours were included in the study. These patients had total patient-days of 44,424 and total beta-lactam antibiotic-days of 25,180. Beta-lactam antibiotic consumption decreased significantly from 71.4 antibiotic-days per 100 patient-days in 2008 to 41.3 antibiotic-days per 100 patient-days in 2010 (p < .01). Incidence of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae BSI decreased significantly from 3.6% in 2008 to 0.2% in 2010 (p < .01), and incidence density decreased significantly from 3.2 per 1000 patient-days in 2008 to 0.2 per 1000 patient-days in 2010 (p<.01).
Conclusion
Our findings highlight the need to minimise unnecessary and inappropriate antimicrobial use (specifically that of beta-lactam antibiotics) to prevent the acquisition of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae BSI in the NICUs of developing countries.
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Lamine, A.M., Sadaoui, F., Boubechou, N. et al. P094: Impact of antibiotics changes on the incidence of bloodstream infection due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in an Algerian neonatal intensive care unit. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2, P94 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1186/2047-2994-2-S1-P94
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Keywords
- Independent Risk Factor
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
- Klebsiella Pneumoniae
- Bloodstream Infection
- System Criterion
