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Table 2 Estimated pneumonia burden due to antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates

From: Attributable healthcare utilization and cost of pneumoniae due to drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: a cost analysis

  Age (years)
  0- < 5 5- < 18 18- < 50 50- < 65 65+ Total
Inpatient cases
N (% of total) 40,386 (10%) 16,772 (4%) 42,789 (11%) 59,508 (15%) 241,827 (60%) 401,282
Susceptible isolates (pre-2008 MIC) 32,963 (82%) 14,284 (85%) 38,329 (90%) 52,804 (89%) 215,160 (89%) 353,543
Susceptible isolates (post-2008 MIC) 36,799 (91%) 15,251 (91%) 40,877 (96%) 56,559 (95%) 231,704 (96%) 381,190
PCN resistant isolates (pre-2008 MIC)* 14,375 (36%) 3,522 (21%) 8,130 (19%) 12,497 (21%) 58,038 (24%) 96,562
PCN resistant isolates (post-2008 MIC) 4,846 (12%) 1,174 (7%) 1,711 (4%) 2,975 (5%) 12,901 (5%) 23,607
ERY resistant isolates 10,821 (26%) 3,250 (19%) 7,296 (17%) 10,811 (18%) 48,754 (20%) 80,932
FQ resistant isolates 404 (1%) 168 (1%) 428 (1%) 595 (1%) 2,616 (1%) 4,211
Multiply resistant isolates (pre-2008 MIC) 8,562 (21%) 2,084 (12%) 4,927 (12%) 7,603 (13%) 36,375 (15%) 59,551
Multiply resistant isolates (post-2008 MIC) 2,926 (7%) 716 (4%) 1,095 (3%) 1,893 (3%) 8,115 (3%) 14,745
Outpatient cases
N (% of total) 119,613(26%) 88,810 (19%) 116,427 (25%) 78,154 (17%) 61,519 (13%) 464,523
Susceptible isolates (pre-2008 MIC) 97,791 (82%) 72,608 (82%) 101,297 (87%) 67,216 (86%) 53,524 (87%) 392,436
Susceptible isolates (post-2008 MIC) 106,974 (89%) 79,427 (89%) 112,860 (97%) 74,729 (96%) 59,630 (97%) 433,620
PCN resistant isolates (pre-2008 MIC) 44,257 (37%) 32,860 (37%) 43,078 (37%) 28,917 (37%) 22,762 (37%) 171,873
PCN resistant isolates (post-2008 MIC) 14,354 (12%) 10,657 (12%) 9,314 (8%) 7,034 (9%) 4,922 (8%) 46,281
ERY resistant isolates 37,728 (32%) 28,012 (32%) 33,532 (29%) 22,509 (29%) 17,718 (29%) 139,499
FQ resistant isolates 1,196 (1%) 888 (1%) 1,164 (1%) 782 (1%) 681 (1%) 4,711
Multiply resistant isolates (pre-2008 MIC) 31,147 (26%) 23,126 (26%) 28,595 (25%) 19,195 (25%) 15,141 (25%) 117,204
Multiply resistant isolates (post-2008 MIC) 10,634 (9%) 7,895 (9%) 6,615 (6%) 4,968 (6%) 3,550 (6%) 33,662
  1. *In January 2008, the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute revised the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for non-susceptibility to penicillin.
  2. Notes: PCN = penicillin, ERY = erythromycin, FQ = fluoroquinolone. “Resistant” includes intermediate and non-susceptible isolates. Data sources: Active Bacterial Core Surveillance data (inpatient) and primary literature (outpatient). Resistance categories are not mutually exclusive, as some strains exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics.
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Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control

ISSN: 2047-2994

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