Table 4 Baseline characteristics prior to hospitalization for 254 patients (ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae) and 233 controls (no ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae)
Baseline characteristics | ESBL+ (N = 254) | ESBL- (N = 233) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Mean age ± SD (years) | 61.4 ± 18.2 | 61.9 ± 17.4 | 0.76 |
Male gender | 120 (47.2%) | 101 (43.4%) | 0.39 |
Previous hospitalization | 115 (45.3%) | 96 (41.2%) | 0.37 |
Transfer status | |||
From another hospital | 30 (11.8%) | 26 (11.2%) | 0.82 |
From a long-term care facility | 4 (1.6%) | 2 (0.9%) | 0.47 |
Underlying diseases | |||
Any underlying disease | 225 (88.6%) | 195 (83.7%) | 0.12 |
Hypertension | 115 (61.0%) | 135 (57.9%) | 0.49 |
Diabetes mellitus | 106 (41.7%) | 78 (33.5%) | 0.06 |
Cardiovascular disease | 74 (29.1%) | 59 (25.3%) | 0.35 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 56 (22.0%) | 41 (17.6%) | 0.22 |
Chronic liver disease | 43 (16.9%) | 45 (19.3%) | 0.50 |
Chronic renal disease | 37 (14.6%) | 27 (11.6%) | 0.33 |
Chronic lung disease | 32 (12.6%) | 41 (17.6%) | 0.82 |
Malignancy | 46 (18.1%) | 41 (17.6%) | 0.88 |
Solid malignancy | 42 (16.5%) | 33 (14.1%) | 0.47 |
Hematologic malignancy | 4 (1.6%) | 8 (3.4%) | 0.19 |
Hematologic diseases | 26 (10.2%) | 21 (9.0%) | 0.65 |
Prior organ transplantation | 2 (0.8%) | 5 (2.2%) | 0.21 |
Receipt of any immunosuppressive agent | 33 (13.0%) | 26 (11.2%) | 0.54 |
HIV infection | 10 (3.9%) | 6 (2.6%) | 0.40 |
Previous antibiotic exposure within 90 days after hospitalization | |||
Any antibiotic | 84 (33.1%) | 64 (27.5%) | 0.18 |
Penicillins | 12 (4.7%) | 7 (3.0%) | 0.33 |
Cephalosporins | 40 (15.8%) | 20 (8.6%) | 0.02 |
Carbapenems | 16 (6.3%) | 17 (7.3%) | 0.67 |
Beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors | 10 (3.9%) | 17 (7.3%) | 0.11 |
Fluoroquinolones | 26 (10.2%) | 20 (8.6%) | 0.53 |
Macrolides | 11 (4.3%) | 8 (3.4%) | 0.61 |
Others | 24 (9.5%) | 18 (7.7%) | 0.50 |
Previous use of indwelling catheters | |||
Urinary catheter | 40 (15.8%) | 33 (14.2%) | 0.63 |
Nasogastric tube | 26 (10.2%) | 19 (8.2%) | 0.43 |