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Table 2 Genetic distances between circulating viruses and vaccines in northern hemisphere, 2010–2018

From: Debate on the compositions of influenza B in northern hemisphere seasonal influenza vaccines

 

Vaccines vs Isolates

HA

NA

H3N2

17/18 vs 17/18 (n = 500)

0.01229 ± 0.00239

0.01782 ± 0.00354

10–18 (n = 5) vs 17/18 (n = 500)

0.01940 ± 0.00267

0.01733 ± 0.00226

10–18 (n = 5) vs 13–18 (n = 4000)

0.01677 ± 0.00302

0.01323 ± 0.00212

H1N1

17/18 vs 17/18 (n = 500)

0.01516 ± 0.00299

0.00858 ± 0.00224

10–18 (n = 2) vs 17/18 (n = 500)

0.02375 ± 0.00341

0.01839 ± 0.00309

10–18 (n = 2) vs 10–18 (n = 4000)

0.01434 ± 0.00279

0.01495 ± 0.00326

Flu B

*V17/18 vs #Y17/18 (n = 500)

0.11356 ± 0.00261

0.06874 ± 0.00470

V10–18 (n = 1) vs V17/18 (n = 500)

0.01367 ± 0.00272

0.01331 ± 0.00197

V10–18 (n = 1) vs V10–18 (n = 2122, 2022)

0.01167 ± 0.00218

0.00958 ± 0.00137

Y10–18 (n = 3) vs Y17/18 (n = 500)

0.02261 ± 0.00226

0.02024 ± 0.00260

Y10–18 (n = 3) vs Y10–18 (n = 2563, 2489)

0.01638 ± 0.00236

0.01769 ± 0.00198

Y15/16 vs V15/16 (n = 500)

0.13695 ± 0.00238

0.07425 ± 0.00328

Y10–15 (n = 2) vs Y17/18 (n = 500)

0.02368 ± 0.00272

0.02261 ± 0.00315

Y10–15 (n = 2) vs Y10–18 (n = 2563, 2489)

0.02362 ± 0.00218

0.02158 ± 0.00129

Y15/16 vs Y17/18 (n = 500)

0.01224 ± 0.00243

0.00926 ± 0.00218

Y15/16 vs Y10–18 (n = 2563, 2489)

0.00721 ± 0.00144

0.00715 ± 0.00101

  1. * V, influenza B/Victoria lineage viruses, # Y, influenza B/Yamagata viruses
  2. It showed the great divergences between the vaccine strains and the seasonal isolates in 2017/2018 and 2015/2016 when the compositions of flu B in the recommended TIVs mismatched the epidemic isolates in the Northern Hemisphere