Mortality associated with carbapenem-susceptible and Verona Integron-encoded Metallo-β-lactamase-positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia

Table 1 Patient-related clinical variables of survivors and non-survivors

Characteristic	Non-survivors (n = 58)	Survivors (n = 191)	P-value
Male gender (%)	38 (65.5)	121 (63.4)	0.764
Mean age ± SD at time of first blood culture with PA	60.5 ± 12.9	59.3 ± 14.1	0.539
Nosocomial infection (%)	45 (77.6)	113 (59.2)	0.011
VIM-PA bacteremia (%)	17 (29.3)	23 (12.0)	0.002
Nosocomial infection (%)	17 (100)	19 (82.6)	0.070
Adequate AB therapy 1 (%)^a	5 (31.3)	8 (42.1)	0.818
Adequate AB therapy 2 (%)^b	5 (38.5)	23 (100)	< 0.001
Median Charlson score(range)^c,d	2 (0–6)	3 (0–10)	0.639
Ward of acquisition; ICU (%)	29 (50)	32 (16.8)	< 0.001
Median APACHE score (range)^e	22 (10–43)	22.5 (7–41)	0.757
APACHE > 25 (%)^e	6 (11.8)	7 (35.0)	0.588
Immunocompromised^f	29 (50.0)	84 (44.0)	0.420
Adequate AB therapy total (%)^g,h	31 (63.3)	157 (98.1)	< 0.001
Adequate AB therapy 1 (%)ⁱ	17 (30.9)	52 (27.8)	0.654
Adequate AB therapy 2 (%)	26 (52.0)^h	156 (97.5)^j	< 0.001

Abbreviations: SD Standard deviation, PA Pseudomonas aeruginosa, VIM-PA Verona Integron-encoded Metallo-β-lactamase-positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa, APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, ICU Intensive care unit, AB Antibiotic; adequate AB therapy 1, day 0 for at least 24 h adequate AB use; adequate AB therapy 2, days 1–14 adequate AB use, for at least 24 h. Bold P-values are significant
^anon-survivors = 1 missing. ^bFour patients were excluded because they deceased within 24 h. ^cQuan et al. [17]. ^dCharlson: survivors = 1 missing, non-survivors = 1 missing. ^eAPACHE: survivors = 12 missing, non-survivors = 7 missing. ^fCombination of variables neutropenia; use of corticosteroids and use of immunosuppressive agents other than corticosteroids. ^gAdequate AB total: survivors = 31 missing, non-survivors = 1 missing. ^hEight patients from the non-survivors were excluded because they deceased within 24 h. ⁱAdequate AB 1: survivors = 4 missing, non-survivors = 3 missing. ^jAdequate AB 2: survivors = 31 missing

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