Table 1 Studies exploring relationship between poverty indicators and MRSA
References | Location | Participants | Type of study | Infection/ colonization | Poverty indicator used | Association of resistance with poverty indicator | Quality level (JBI) | Composite rating |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Daley [5] | NL | 442 | Cross-sectional | CA- & polyclonal MRSA colonization | Indigenous, correctional contact, homeless | Less crowded protective, homeless negative, correctional negative | IV | Med |
Dalloo [6] | NWT | 43 | Outbreak investigation | CA-MRSA infection | Inuit, remote | High rate in community | IV | Low |
Embil [7] | MB, SK, AB | 259 | Retrospective review | Polyclonal MRSA infection or colonization | Indigenous | Indigenous positive, rural positive | IV | Low |
Gilbert [8] | AB | 40 | Retrospective review | CA-MRSA infection | Homeless, drug use, & correctional contact grouped | High-risk grouping positive | IV | Med |
Gilbert [9] | AB | 271 | Cross-sectional | CA-MRSA colonization or infection | Homeless or correctional contact | Homeless negative, correctional negative, behaviors positive | IV | Med |
Gill [10] | AB | 4521 | Retrospective review | CA-MRSA infection | Income | Income protective | IV | Med |
Jeong [11] | AB, SK, MB, ON, QC | 372 | Retrospective review | CA-MRSA SSTIs | Indigenous, on-reserve | High rate on reserve | IV | Low |
Kirlew [12] | ON | 23 | Case series | CA-MRSA bacteremia | Indigenous, on-reserve | High rate in community | IV | Low |
Li [13] | AB | 2581 | Retrospective review | Lab isolates CA-MRSA | Indigenous, correctional facility | Indigenous positive, corrections negative | IV | Low |
Main [14] | ON | 10 | Outbreak investigation | CA-MRSA infection | Correctional facility | Correctional contact positive | IV | Low |
Muileboom [15] | ON | 2451 | Retrospective review | CA-MRSA infection | Indigenous, remote, rural | High rate in community | IV | Low |
Ofner-Agostini [16] | Canada | 148 Indigenous; 3589 Non-Indigenous | Retrospective review | Polyclonal MRSA infection or colonization | Indigenous | Indigenous positive | IV | Low |
Szakacs [17] | ON | 84 | Cross-sectional | HA-MRSA colonization | Homeless | Homeless positive | IV | Med |
Vayalumkal [18] | ON | 153 | Case–control | CA- & HA-MRSA infection | Homeless, correctional contact, Indigenous | Homeless positive, correctional positive | III | Med |
Wylie [19] | MB | 324 | Retrospective review | HA- & CA-MRSA infection | Indigenous, on-reserve | No association | IV | Low |