Table 3 Change in skin tolerability as a mean of the difference between intervention and baseline; differences in tolerability between intervention and control alcohol-based handrub formulations as assessed by healthcare worker self-evaluation* and observer evaluation; paired-student test;** randomized-crossover study; N = 37 participants
H1 | Hopirub/gel | H1–Hopirub/gel | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Estimate (IC95%) | P value | |
Self-evaluation | ||||
Redness | − 0.15 (0.66) | 0.24 (0.91) | − 0.351 (− 0.818; 0.115) | 0.1353 |
Skin rash | − 0.03 (0.42) | 0.05 (0.46) | − 0.081 (− 0.295; 0.132) | 0.4461 |
Oedema | 0.00 (0) | 0.08 (0.36) | − 0.081 (− 0.202; 0.040) | 0.1833 |
Fissures | − 0.18 (0.64) | 0.21 (0.87) | − 0.405 (− 0.886; 0.076) | 0.0960 |
Desquamation | − 0.13 (0.79) | 0.26 (1.06) | − 0.405 (− 0.964; 0.153) | 0.1495 |
Dryness | − 0.33 (1.12) | 0.08 (1.40) | − 0.351 (− 1.085; 0.383) | 0.3381 |
Itching | − 0.10 (0.67) | 0.13 (1.07) | − 0.243 (− 0.755; 0.269) | 0.3415 |
Burning | − 0.08 (0.66) | 0.24 (0.82) | − 0.270 (− 0.712; 0.172) | 0.2231 |
Pain | − 0.28 (0.85) | 0.29 (0.87) | − 0.595 (− 1.175; − 0.015) | 0.0448 |
Observer evaluation | ||||
Redness | − 0.05 (0.45) | 0.08 (0.27) | − 0.135 (− 0.360; 0.089) | 0.2301 |
Scaliness | − 0.23 (1.07) | − 0.39 (1.00) | 0.270 (− 0.272; 0.813) | 0.3190 |
Fissures | 0.00 (0) | 0.03 (0.16) | 0 (NA) | NA |