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Table 2 Percent susceptible isolates from all sources (N = 648) of gram-negative bacteria from Cape Coast Teaching Hospital

From: Utilising cumulative antibiogram data to enhance antibiotic stewardship capacity in the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana

Gram-negative Bacteria

Isolates

Aminoglycosides

ß-lactams

Fluoroquinolones

Other

Penicillins

Cephalosporins

N

AMK

GEN

AMP

SAM

TZPa

CTX

CRO

CXM

CIP

LVX

NORb

OFX

CHL

NITc

TCY

SXT

All Gram-negative organisms

648

86

48

6

42

38

16

22

16

20

31

24

59

36

34

16

17

All Enterobacteriaceae

566

87

47

4

42

39

14

22

17

19

32

23

52

37

37

16

18

All Escherichia coli spp.

195

87

48

5

44

50

13

21

17

16

28

26

44

42

47

13

16

Escherichia coli (urine)

144

85

40

2

46

–

5

19

11

12

25

26

39

42

47

11

15

Escherichia coli (non-urine)d

57

95

60

7

0e

50

25

25

26

26

36

–

55

43

–

18

18

All Klebsiella spp.

74

93

43

6

46

33

24

29

21

25

43

30

62

36

18

30

25

Klebsiella sp. (urine)

41

93

67

0

46

–

17

28

17

19

43

30

59

33

18

34

26

Klebsiella sp. (non-urine)d

35

91

38

7

43e

33

25

28

21

31

44

–

65

37

–

24

24

All Citrobacter spp.

144

84

45

3

21e

67

12

20

17

18

30

7

52

31

20

14

19

Citrobacter sp. (urine)

69

81

36

2

25e

–

12

12

15

12

16

7

32

22

20

7

15

Citrobacter sp. (non-urine)d

78

88

52

4

0e

67

13

27

18

24

41

–

69

38

–

20

23

All Enterobacter spp.

78

91

42

2

43e

0

8

18

7

20

32

31

52

34

62

18

11

Enterobacter sp. (urine)

49

92

42

0

46e

–

7

22

9

15

26

31

43

35

62

15

11

Enterobacter sp. (non-urine)d,e

29

90

43

4

0e

0

10

10

4

28

42

–

69

33

–

24

10

All non-fermenting Gram-negative rods

81

76

57

14

40e

38

22

21

11

25

22

33

47

30

0

11

10

All Pseudomonas spp.

70

77

51

2

36e

29

10

11

4

19

15

33

42

20

0

10

11

All Pseudomonas spp. (non-urine)e

46

76

50

3

50e

33

12

14

3

23

16

–

40

24

–

7

11

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

35

86

56

R

R

20

R

R

R

20

18

29

46

R

0

R

R

Pseudomonas sp. (non-aeruginosa)

35

67

47

3

33e

50

14

21

3

18

12

50

38

28

0

9

11

All Proteus spp.

55

83

53

8

43e

0

27

29

28

26

37

0

68

35

33

9

24

Proteus sp. (non-urine)d

39

79

57

11

100e

0

34

35

29

32

41

–

75

37

–

13

26

  1. %S = Percent of isolates susceptible, all organisms were tested by disc diffusion, N = Number, spp. = species, R = intrinsically resistant, (‒) = No data available, small number of isolates tested (N < 30), antimicrobial agent is not indicated, or not effective clinically. Interpretation standard: CLSI M100 ED30:2020. Presentation standard: CLSI M39-A4:2014. Data analysis: WHONET 2020 (20.13.14)
  2. Data source: Cape Coast Teaching Hospital Routine Antimicrobial Surveillance. Data shown is from surveillance of routine diagnostic cultures performed in the institution from 1st January to 31st December 2020. Version 1.1 (12/02/2021)
  3. AMK, Amikacin; GEN, Gentamicin; AMP, Ampicillin; SAM, Ampicillin–sulbactam; TZP, Piperacillin–tazobactam; CTX, Cefotaxime; CRO, Ceftriaxone; CXM, Cefuroxime; CIP, Ciprofloxacin; LVX, Levofloxacin; NOR, Norfloxacin; OFX, Ofloxacin; CHL, Chloramphenicol; NIT, Nitrofurantoin; TCY, Tetracycline; and SXT, Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole
  4. The percent of isolates susceptible (%S) for each organism/antimicrobial combination was generated by including the first isolate only of that organism encountered on a given patient during 2020 (de-duplicated data)
  5. aTZP: Piperacillin–Tazobactam few isolates were tested (N < 30) and the percentage susceptible should be interpreted with caution
  6. bNOR: Norfloxacin data from urine isolates only
  7. cNIT: Nitrofurantoin data from urine isolates only
  8. dIsolates were tested against antibiotics in urine panel only (NOR & NIT)
  9. eA small number of isolates were tested (N < 30), and the percentage susceptible should be interpreted with caution
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Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control

ISSN: 2047-2994

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