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Table 2 Available reports on E. coli and Klebsiella carbapenem and polymyxin susceptibility, resistance, and related genes

From: Review and analysis of the overlapping threats of carbapenem and polymyxin resistant E. coli and Klebsiella in Africa

Nation

All reports on named species (reports identifying resistance or determinants related to resistance)

References

Carbapenem

Polymyxin (colistin and polymyxin B)

E. coli

Klebsiella

E. coli

Klebsiella

Algeria

33 (12)

37(18)

17(4)

22(3)

[48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97]

Angola

2(2)

2(2)

1(0)

1(0)

[98, 99]

Benin

6(4)

2(1)

2(0)

2(0)

[100,101,102,103,104,105]

Botswana

1(0)

1(0)

0

0

[106]

Burkina Faso

12(4)

13(0)

3(2)

1(0)

[25, 107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121]

Cameroon

11(3)

7(3)

3(2)

1(0)

[116, 122,123,124,125,126,127,128,129,130,131,132,133]

Cape Verde

1(0)

0

0

0

[116]

Central African Republic

2(0)

3(0)

0

0

[25, 134, 135]

Chad

8(4)

4(1)

1(0)

0

[57, 116, 136,137,138,139,140,141]

Congo

2 (0)

1 (1)

1(0)

0

[142, 143]

Cote d'lvoire

4(1)

5(1)

1 (1)

0

[144,145,146,147,148,149,150]

Democratic Republic of the Congo

3(0)

2(1)

0

0

[151,152,153]

Djibouti

2(1)

0

1(0)

0

[57, 154]

Egypt

106(66)

125 (98)

28 (14)

34(15)

[1, 25,26,27, 57, 78, 116, 155,156,157,158,159,160,161,162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169,170,171,172,173,174,175,176,177,178,179,180,181,182,183,184,185,186,187,188,189,190,191,192,193,194,195,196,197,198,199,200,201,202,203,204,205,206,207,208,209,210,211,212,213,214,215,216,217,218,219,220,221,222,223,224,225,226,227,228,229,230,231,232,233,234,235,236,237,238,239,240,241,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,252,253,254,255,256,257,258,259,260,261,262,263,264,265,266,267,268,269,270,271,272,273,274,275,276,277,278,279,280,281,282,283,284,285,286,287,288,289,290,291,292,293]

Equatorial Guinea

1(0)

1 (1)

0

0

[294]

Eritrea

1(0)

0

1(0)

0

[295]

Ethiopia

19(10)

27(17)

4(4)

6(4)

[1, 112, 296,297,298,299,300,301,302,303,304,305,306,307,308,309,310,311,312,313,314,315,316]

Gabon

4(0)

5(1)

0

0

[317,318,319,320,321]

Gambia

1 (1)

1 (1)

0

0

[322]

Ghana

15(5)

15(8)

1 (1)

1 (1)

[116, 323,324,325,326,327,328,329,330,331,332,333,334,335,336,337]

Guinea

1(0)

0

0

0

[116]

Guinea-Bissau

1(0)

1(0)

0

0

[338]

Kenva

26(11)

25 (21)

2(1)

2(0)

[116, 168, 268, 282, 339,340,341,342,343,344,345,346,347,348,349,350,351,352,353,354,355,356,357,358,359,360,361,362]

Libya

17(10)

22(20)

3(0)

8(4)

[57, 78, 363,364,365,366,367,368,369,370,371,372,373,374,375,376,377,378,379,380,381,382,383,384,385]

Madagascar

14(3)

12(6)

0

0

[1, 26, 27, 112, 116, 168, 386,387,388,389,390,391,392,393,394,395]

Malawi

4(3)

7(5)

1(0)

2(0)

[26, 27, 396,397,398]

Mali

4(3)

2(1)

1(0)

0

[1, 57, 399, 400]

Mauritania

1 (1)

1(0)

1 (1)

1 (1)

[401]

Mauritius

4(2)

6(5)

1(0)

2(1)

[25, 57, 168, 183, 402,403,404]

Morocco

24(13)

39(24)

6(2)

10(2)

[25, 57, 78, 116, 183, 268, 282, 405,406,407,408,409,410,411,412,413,414,415,416,417,418,419,420,421,422,423,424,425,426,427,428,429,430,431,432,433]

Mozambique

6(1)

4(0)

1(0)

0

[1, 116, 427, 434,435,436,437,438]

Namibia

1(0)

5(1)

0

0

[25, 183, 439]

Niger

5(2)

2(0)

1 (1)

1 (1)

[57, 440,441,442,443]

Nigeria

82(53)

80(46)

3203)

28(15)

[1, 27, 116, 444,445,446,447,448,449,450,451,452,453,454,455,456,457,458,459,460,461,462,463,464,465,466,467,468,469,470,471,472,473,474,475,476,477,478,479,480,481,482,483,484,485,486,487,488,489,490,491,492,493,494,495,496,497,498,499,500,501,502,503,504,505,506,507,508,509,510,511,512,513,514,515,516,517,518,519,520,521,522,523,524,525,526,527,528,529,530,531,532,533,534,535,536,537,538,539,540,541,542,543,544,545,546,547,548,549,550,551,552,553,554,555,556,557,558,559,560,561]

Rwanda

7(3)

6(2)

1 (1)

1 (1)

[562,563,564,565,566,567,568]

Sao Tome and Principe

1 (1)

1 (1)

1 (1)

0

[569]

Senegal

10(2)

11(6)

1 (1)

3(1)

[56, 78, 112, 116, 145, 570,571,572,573,574,575,576,577,578,579,580,581]

Sierra Leone

5(3)

4(3)

0

0

[116, 582, 583]

Somalia

1(0)

0

1(0)

0

[295]

South Africa

69(25)

109(82)

18(8)

20(10)

[1, 25, 78, 168, 183, 268, 282, 519, 584,585,586,587,588,589,590,591,592,593,594,595,596,597,598,599,600,601,602,603,604,605,606,607,608,609,610,611,612,613,614,615,616,617,618,619,620,621,622,623,624,625,626,627,628,629,630,631,632,633,634,635,636,637,638,639,640,641,642,643,644,645,646,647,648,649,650,651,652,653,654,655,656,657,658,659,660,661,662,663]

South Sudan

1(0)

0

0

0

[664]

Sudan

12(7)

10(5)

1 (1)

1 (1)

[1, 27, 112, 116, 665,666,667,668,669,670,671,672,673]

Tanzania

29(6)

26(7)

2(1)

2(1)

[56, 112, 116, 168, 674,675,676,677,678,679,680,681,682,683,684,685,686,687,688,689,690,691,692,693,694,695,696,697,698,699,700]

Togo

6(4)

4(3)

3(1)

3(1)

[116, 701,702,703,704,705,706]

Tunisia

34(14)

70(43)

15(4)

29(13)

[1, 26, 27, 78, 168, 183, 268, 282, 707,708,709,710,711,712,713,714,715,716,717,718,719,720,721,722,723,724,725,726,727,728,729,730,731,732,733,734,735,736,737,738,739,740,741,742,743,744,745,746,747,748,749,750,751,752,753,754,755,756,757,758,759,760,761,762,763,764,765,766,767,768,769,770,771,772,773,774]

Uganda

17(10)

16(11)

2(1)

2(1)

[1, 26, 27, 168, 775,776,777,778,779,780,781,782,783,784,785,786,787,788]

Zambia

3(1)

4(4)

0

0

[26, 27, 789, 790]

Zimbabwe

3 (1)

1 (1)

0

0

[116, 791, 792]

All reporting nations

942(622)

451 (19)

75(158)

76(183)

 
  1. Reports on carbapenem or polymyxin susceptibility were not identified from the following searched nations: Burundi, Comoros, Lesotho, Liberia, Seychelles and Swaziland